【正文】 ....... 30 二、空間布局 .......................................................................................................... 31 （一）兩橫帶動(dòng) ................................................................................................... 31 （二）兩縱保障 ................................................................................................... 32 三、主要任務(wù) .......................................................................................................... 32 四、重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域 .......................................................................................................... 33 （一）按照循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)理念，優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)空間布局 ............................................... 33 （二）改造提升傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，將其納入循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)軌道 ....................................... 34 （三）建設(shè)固體廢棄物綜合利用基地 ............................................................... 34 （四）積極建設(shè)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)基地 ........................................................................... 35 （五）優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)，大力發(fā)展新型能源 ....................................................... 35 （六）大力推進(jìn)能源和水資源節(jié)約，積極推廣建筑節(jié)能和中水回用 ........... 35 （七）大力提高資源利用效率 ........................................................................... 36 （八）探索建立政府引導(dǎo)、市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)作的發(fā)展 機(jī)制 ....................................... 37 五、指標(biāo)體系 .......................................................................................................... 37 （一）指標(biāo)體系設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................... 37 設(shè)計(jì)思路 ..................................................................................................... 37 設(shè)計(jì)原則 ..................................................................................................... 38 （二）三個(gè)層次的指標(biāo)體系研究 ....................................................................... 39 企業(yè)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)體系 ............................................................................. 39 生態(tài)園區(qū)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)體系 ..................................................................... 40 社會(huì)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)體系 ............................................................................. 42 （三）工業(yè)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的評(píng)價(jià)體系研究 ....................................................... 43 結(jié)構(gòu)框架 ..................................................................................................... 43 指標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的確定 ..................................................................................... 44 綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法 ............................................................................................. 44 評(píng)價(jià)分析 ..................................................................................................... 45 六、對(duì)策基本框架 .................................................................................................. 47 （一）抓好五個(gè)發(fā)展環(huán)節(jié) ................................................................................... 47 （二）構(gòu)建五個(gè)循環(huán)平臺(tái) ................................................................................... 47 （三）完善五個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激機(jī)制 ........................................................................... 47 （四）健全五個(gè)支撐體系 ................................................................................... 48 溫州市 2020 年重大軟科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目 溫州市發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)策研究 (R2020A35) 研究報(bào)告 iv 第四部分 溫州市資源利用的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)策 ......................................................... 49 一、水資源利用的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)策 .......................................................................... 49 （一）水資源利用的現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................... 49 （二）水資源利用的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)存在的問(wèn)題 ....................................................... 49 節(jié)水意識(shí)有待進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng) ......................................................................... 49 缺乏一個(gè)有效的統(tǒng)一的管理機(jī)構(gòu) ............................................................. 49 洪水災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重 ............................................................................................. 50 水資源重復(fù)利用率低 ................................................................................. 50 水價(jià)仍然偏低 ............................................................................................. 50 （三）水資源一體化的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)策 ............................................................... 50 提高全民節(jié)水意識(shí) ..................................................................................... 50 優(yōu)化水資源配置 ......................................................................................... 51 實(shí)施節(jié)水工程 ............................................................................................. 51 加強(qiáng)清水河道整治 ..................................................................................... 51 鼓勵(lì)中水回用 ............................................................................................. 51 開展海水綜合利用 ..................................................................................... 52 鼓勵(lì)節(jié)水技術(shù)和設(shè)施的研究 ..................................................................... 52 推進(jìn)城市供水價(jià)格改革 ............................................................................. 52 二、土地資源利用的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)策 ...................................................................... 52 （一）土地資源利用的現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................... 52 （二）土地資源利用的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)存在的問(wèn)題 ................................................... 53 土地利用率低 ............................................................................................. 53 耕地總量逐年下降，建設(shè)用地不足 ......................................................... 53 （三）土地資源集約利用的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)策 ....................................................... 53 提高土地利用效率 ..................................................................................... 53 保持耕地總量動(dòng)態(tài)平衡 ............................................................................. 54 適度圍墾灘涂資源 ..................................................................................... 54 水土流失綜合治理 ..................................................................................... 54 三、能源利用的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)策 ........................................................