【正文】 綠化祖國(guó) turn the country green 全民義務(wù)植樹日 National TreePlanting Day 造林工程 afforestation project 綠化面積 afforested areas。environmentfriendly region 國(guó)家級(jí)生態(tài)示范區(qū)（珠海）Nationally Designated EcoDemonstration Region 國(guó)家級(jí)園林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City 對(duì)水質(zhì)和空氣質(zhì)量的影響 impact on the quality of the water and the air 治理環(huán)境污染 curb environmental pollution。Global Environmental Outlook 2000 入選“全球500佳獎(jiǎng)” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor聯(lián)合國(guó)人類居住中心 UN Center for Human Settlements(UNCHS)改善人類居住環(huán)境最佳范例獎(jiǎng) Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement 人與生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere(MAB)Programme(UNESCO)中國(guó)21世紀(jì)議程 China’s Agenda 21 中國(guó)生物多樣性保護(hù)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan 中國(guó)跨世紀(jì)綠色工程規(guī)劃 China TransCentury Green Project Plan 國(guó)家環(huán)境保護(hù)總局 State Environmental Protection Administration(SEPA)中國(guó)環(huán)保基本方針 China’s guiding principles for environmental protection 堅(jiān)持環(huán)境保護(hù)基本國(guó)策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection 推行可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development 貫徹經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)、環(huán)境建設(shè)同步規(guī)劃、同步實(shí)施、同步發(fā)展（三同步）的方針 carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection(the “three synchronizes” principle)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式的轉(zhuǎn)變 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth 實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益和環(huán)境效益的統(tǒng)一 bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection 中國(guó)環(huán)?；菊?the basic policies of China’s environmental protection 預(yù)防為主、防治結(jié)合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control 污染者負(fù)擔(dān)的政策 “thepolluterspay” policy 強(qiáng)化環(huán)境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management 一控雙達(dá)標(biāo)政策 policy of “One Order, Two Goals”: “一控”：12種工業(yè)污染物的排放量控制在國(guó)家規(guī)定的排放總量 The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.。s ”independence 世界多極化、經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化 world multipolarization and economic globalization 獨(dú)立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉內(nèi)部事務(wù)Independence, pletely equality, mutual respect and noninterference in each other39。s theory, line, program, principles and policies, 工人階級(jí)的先鋒隊(duì) the vanguard of the working class 生產(chǎn)力、生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)、上層建筑 productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute 科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力science and technology are the primary productive force 社會(huì)主義物質(zhì)文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilizations of socialism 有理想、有道德、有文化、有紀(jì)律的公民citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline自立意識(shí)、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)、效率意識(shí)、民主法制意識(shí)和開拓創(chuàng)新意識(shí)selfreliance, petition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education 倡導(dǎo)愛國(guó)主義、集體主義、社會(huì)主義思想，反對(duì)和抵制拜金主義、享樂主義、極端個(gè)人主義等腐朽思想Advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, bat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultraegoism decadent ideas先天下之憂而憂，后天下之樂而樂 be concern about the country and the people before anything else 全心全意為人民服務(wù)、立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people 解放思想、實(shí)事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts 主觀主義、形而上學(xué) subjectivism, metaphysics 民主集中制、黨內(nèi)民主 democratic centralism, innerParty democracy 集體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、民主集中、個(gè)別醞釀、會(huì)議決定Collective leadership, democratic centralism, casespecific consultation, decision through meeting 政治路線確定之后，干部就是決定因素 cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided 黨管干部的原則 the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cardres39。s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China39。“Three Represent39。s” important Thought 新民主主義革命 newdemocratic revolution民族獨(dú)立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革和政治體制改革 reforms in the economic and political structure 社會(huì)主義制度 socialist system社會(huì)變革 social transformation 建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義事業(yè) the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 中華民族的偉大復(fù)興 the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 黨在社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段的基本理論、基本路線、基本綱領(lǐng)The basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 改革開放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside 中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨十一屆三中全會(huì) The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 馬克思主義政黨 Marxist political Party 黨的第一（第二、第三）代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體The collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first(secondthird)generation 人民民主專政 the people39。I have the honor to express this warm wele on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United 。On the behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest ，我愉快地宣布第二十二屆萬(wàn)國(guó)郵政聯(lián)盟大會(huì)開幕。因?yàn)榫退闳浵聛?lái)，也很難一字不漏的翻完。七、英譯漢，重在聽力，盡量聽懂，不要太專注于筆記，可以直接寫中文，這樣翻時(shí)可以節(jié)省下組織語(yǔ)言的時(shí)候，可以快點(diǎn)。六、口譯的時(shí)候，一定要說(shuō)完，每一句很簡(jiǎn)單也要盡量說(shuō)完，這最重要。生詞是形容詞或者是副詞，不翻出來(lái)問(wèn)題也不是很大。四、學(xué)會(huì)“重復(fù)”，“重復(fù)”可以增加思考時(shí)間，讓語(yǔ)言保持連貫，讓語(yǔ)言表達(dá)更清楚易懂。二、在譯員的口譯中，基本是看不見從句或分詞的，即使是要連接兩個(gè)句子，也基本是用and和but這樣的詞。口譯課文要做到看到就能一口氣翻下去，這樣做聽譯時(shí)候才能游刃有余。在考完筆試之后，再過(guò)一遍，與此同時(shí)，用新東方的那本《中高級(jí)口譯口試備考精要》的高口部分做實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)，前面的文章都較難，從第10篇左右開始就接近口試難度了，但比口試難度稍高。錯(cuò)2段，考完就知道自己肯定過(guò)了。英翻中前2段都是教程上的，翻的很順利，后最后一段基本沒聽懂，筆記只抓到了只言片語(yǔ)，不過(guò)本著寧爛勿缺的精神，胡說(shuō)一通。開始說(shuō)話題，由于原先參加過(guò)口語(yǔ)大賽，對(duì)這種模式的口語(yǔ)考試早已沒有多大感覺，因?yàn)槲抑览蠋熉牭氖俏艺f(shuō)的順不順，不會(huì)太在乎我的觀點(diǎn)有多么美妙精辟，口語(yǔ)只是熱身。這個(gè)時(shí)候不要湊近耳朵去聽里面在講什么，因?yàn)槭欠辣I門，一來(lái)聽不清楚，二來(lái)就算讓你聽到了些只言片語(yǔ)，你也沒多大用處，只會(huì)給自己徒增壓力，反而還不如好好準(zhǔn)備下話題呢。叫到號(hào)了，和同組的戰(zhàn)友們被領(lǐng)進(jìn)一個(gè)小教室，給了一個(gè)話題，是關(guān)于地鐵性騷擾的，準(zhǔn)備5分鐘后，去各自的口譯考試小教室外等候。坐在一個(gè)大教室里，等一組組叫號(hào)，結(jié)果我是第10組被叫到的，被叫到的時(shí)候我已經(jīng)在那坐了2個(gè)多鐘頭，期間上過(guò)3次廁所，因?yàn)榫o張。我是去的上外考的口試，口試前一天去的上海，在虹口足球場(chǎng)旁邊的漢庭開了間房，旁邊就是地鐵3號(hào)線，交通比較方便，距離上外虹口校區(qū)走路也就10分鐘左右。比如：shift away from....toward....,pit....against....這樣，如果需要短句，就不會(huì)把這個(gè)詞組斷開，而不知道各自意思了。eg:genetic carbon copies of adults 這里的carbon copy是個(gè)詞組，是“及其相似的人或物”的意思，如不清楚，將整句譯成：“成人基因的碳拷貝”，就弄巧成拙了，還不如直接譯成“成人基因”。五、英翻中時(shí)，篇章熟悉則還能應(yīng)付，如不熟悉，一定不要被文章英文的寫法和思維方法牽著鼻子走，這時(shí)候盡量意譯。三、中文中被動(dòng)使用頻率不高，在翻譯時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換成主動(dòng)句。這樣才符合中文的口味。Section5 英翻中一、修飾語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)必須加以切分，將修飾語(yǔ)單獨(dú)成句。不過(guò)，以前在聽老師說(shuō)，這類題目改卷老師根本不會(huì)去看你有沒將原文的詞換過(guò)還是直接抄下來(lái)，改卷老師只是根據(jù)他手上拿到的信息點(diǎn)，踩點(diǎn)給分，有幾點(diǎn)給多少分。十、學(xué)會(huì)定位詞，題目和文章順序有時(shí)不同。八、一個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)在一個(gè)段落中通常不改變（除非but...）所以當(dāng)碰到“...can be replaced by...”時(shí)可按照這一原則，上半節(jié)說(shuō)好，下半節(jié)肯定也是維