【正文】 t they accepted chairman requested that members studied the problem more carefully problem were more carefully studied problem could be studied with more care members study the problem more carefully “Did Kathy have any ideas for Jim?”“She suggested that he ______ a card with all of our names on it.” send idea is that we _______ an unmanned spacecraft to explore the planet send sent sent is necessary that this machinetool _______ every oiled to be oiled “That’s a beautiful coat in the window.”“It certainly I had the money ______ buy it.”’d’ll may shall “Why didn’t you help him?”“I would have ______ I didn’t have the money.” would rather we _______ now, but we must go to leave not left’t leave to be left ’d just as soon ________ those important papers with you won’t take not taking don’t you take didn’t take housemaster was very asked that we ______ television on week watch be watching not watch not have watched hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped calling me he would call me to call me he call me 3 at the price list, he’d have known what to looked looked would have looked been looking “Shall I open the window?”“I’d rather _________.” had better not don’t shouldn’t didn’t “Did you have to go to court?”“No, I didn’t, but I would ______ if my lawyer hadn’t been so good.” Peter had enough money, he _______ on the trip to Los have gone gone go you had been in Shanghai last month, you ________ the seen seen been seen have seen you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d ______ there by got at been the Watergate Incident _______ Nixon would not have resigned from the not occurred not occur not occurring not occur _______ the party if he’d gone to have missed missed miss “Your pictures are beautiful!”“We _______ more if we hadn’t run out of film.” take taken have taken have taken wishes that he ________ law instead of literature when he was in studied study study “I couldn’t talk to very well, because my Arabic isn’t very good yet.”“_________ there, he would have been able to interpret for you.” John were had been John been John , Gerald would have been a rich he to enter business he entered business he entered business he was to enter business , we shall go on a the weather be fine the weather were fine the weather been fine the weather to be fine 4 “I wish I ________ the orientation program yesterday.”“It’s too bad that you met a lot of people.” attended …didn’t attended …h(huán)adn’t … didn’t attend … haven’t “Do you want me to lend you some money?”“I wish you __________, I can pay you back next week.” picture exhibition bored me to wish I _______ to not gone not gone not go not have gone their passport _______ all right, they _______ … wouldn’t be been … wouldn’t have been… mustn’t be be … wouldn’t be only I _________ how to operate an electronic puter as you known know know thick smog covered the whole was as if a great black blanket ______ over been thrown thrown thrown thrown spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought far away been far away far away far away I had only read all the books before I ________ the lecture! have attended attended attended would have been able to help him, but I _______ so been be “Where have you been?”“I got caught in the traffic。20．選D。19．選C。18．選D。第一句雖用了一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問句，但“打碎”這個(gè)動(dòng)作確是已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。t后用進(jìn)行時(shí)較妥。16．選A。15．選A。14．選B。13．選B。12．選C。11．選C。但前者只用來表示虛擬條件，而后者用于虛擬和真實(shí)均可。10．選D。9．選A。問題的關(guān)鍵是要看wish和從句中的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間先后關(guān)系，無論wish本身是何種時(shí)態(tài)，它與這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系是固定不變的，在變成間接引語時(shí)，我們會(huì)更能體會(huì)到這種關(guān)系：He said，“I wish I had been there.”He said that he wished he had been ，可它與后面動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系并沒有變。8．選A。7．選A。otherwise在這是一個(gè)虛擬條件從句的替代詞，它代替了if he hadn39。分析方法同上。虛擬條件從句雖是指過去，但從其與主句的邏輯關(guān)系上分析，主句只能是現(xiàn)在，故選C，從now 一詞也可得出這一結(jié)論。B、C這兩種用法只能表示虛擬條件，不能表示真實(shí)條件，其意思是“如果沒有”。如用with則全句的邏輯關(guān)系不成立，而用D項(xiàng)其語法結(jié)構(gòu)有錯(cuò)。D項(xiàng)中的過去完成時(shí)，在沒有任何參照的情況下是不對(duì)的。B項(xiàng)中的unless不能用于虛擬語氣條件。might have e在含有虛擬條件復(fù)合句的主句中表示與過去事實(shí)相反，也可用于真實(shí)的情況，意即“可能已經(jīng)”，但仔細(xì)分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，其中無一可以在語法，時(shí)態(tài)和含義上同前面的句子相一致，故只能將 might have e看做是虛擬語氣的用法。但本句在沒有語言環(huán)境的情況下，也可以看做是一個(gè)過去的真實(shí)條件句。B層次答案與分析答案與分析1．選B。20．選C。19．選A。18．選B。第一句已清楚地道出過去的一個(gè)事實(shí)。would you please并不是虛擬語氣，而是一種很委婉的祈使句，故從句也不用虛擬條件，而選用真實(shí)條件的see。條件從句的tell說明這不是一個(gè)虛擬條件，因此選用真實(shí)意義的D項(xiàng)。第一句中的made是指過去，回答要同上文的時(shí)間相符，所以，主句和從句均是與過去事實(shí)相反。13．疑問句是詢問將來，故用與將來事實(shí)相反的C項(xiàng)。12．選B。11．選C。從句中的tomorrow morning已經(jīng)告知我們，本句可理解為與將來事實(shí)相反，A、D兩項(xiàng)都不對(duì)。run out of意為“用光”。與過去事實(shí)相反的從句是過去完成時(shí)，故選hadn39。問句中雖用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但實(shí)際上是詢問過去的事，故主從句都是與過去事實(shí)相反，所以would have had是對(duì)的。從句應(yīng)理解為與過去事實(shí)相反，故選had been。根據(jù)問句，if條件從句及全句的意思，主句只能理解為與過去事實(shí)相反，would have是would have caught的省略。B項(xiàng)不是虛擬語氣，C項(xiàng)是與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反故也須排除。t have, you haven39。have to被否定后的意思是“不是不得不”，“不是非得”。5．選D。上一題考查從句中時(shí)態(tài)的選用，而本題則是考查主句時(shí)態(tài)的選用。從全句的意思上看，從句也應(yīng)是與過去事實(shí)相反。也可以從主句中分析。s advice動(dòng)作本身分析，這是個(gè)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，所以它只能是要么已經(jīng)，要么將來，即要么與過去事實(shí)相反，要么與將來事實(shí)相反。從兩個(gè)方面分析都應(yīng)選D。前文已經(jīng)給出，這是一個(gè)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件從句。從各選項(xiàng)中分析只有A符合虛擬條件句的語法規(guī)則。t have got he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.（07全國II） 答案與分析1．選A。t driven。t get driving。t 。t let me we ____ in turn, you ____ so 。had not taken didn39。would not have taken be warned。could climb ____ last night, but we went to the concert have study have study he ____ , he ____ that he was sent to the hospital warned。could climb not been。would have prevented ____ you more help, even though he was very have give have give electricity human life ____ quite different have be it ____ for the snow, we ____ the mountain not。would prevent。ve forgotten his telephone I ______ it down, I ______ you , would have told , would tell put, would have told put, would tell三、【高考真題】 there were no subjunctive mood, English ___ much have have be guard at the gate insisted that everybody ____ the rules obey“The experiment had failed!”“I suggest you ____ again.” try