【正文】 designer clothes, although this was reversed in the face of an anized consumer boycott. Master card and American Express have been testing RFID cards. Mobil has been promoting its “Speed pass” fuel card since 1997. Most highend cars are now equipped with an RFID tag in the car keys. Delta Airlines is testing RFID on some services, tagging 40,000 bags. Many other airlines have tested RFID technology but Delta is the first airline to mit to using RFID technology. Delta currently misplaces 4 out of every 1000 bags costing US$100 million per year to recover, deliver or replace them. British Airways announced recently that they will also be investing in RFID technology. British Airways currently misplace 18 bags per 1000 costing an average of US$100 per bag. The airline suffered significant difficulties in 2021 when 11,000 bags were lost following strikes. The seaport operators, who account for 70% of the world39。 ? worked systems。附錄 A：引用的外文文獻及其譯文 The introduction of RFID RFID is an area of automatic identification that is gaining momentum and is considered by some to emerge as one of the most pervasive puting technologies in history. In its simplest form, RFID is a similar concept to bar coding. It is seen as a means of enhancing data processes and is plementary to existing technologies. It is a proven technology that has been in use since the 1970s. A more plex description is an electromagic proximity identification and data transaction system. Using “RFID tags” on objects or assets, and “readers” to gather the tag information, RFID represents an improvement over bar codes in terms of nonoptical proximity munication, information density, and twoway munication ability. Operational RFID systems involve tags and readers interacting with objects (assets) and database systems to provide an information and/or operational function. RFID is used for a wide variety of applications ranging from the familiar building access control proximity cards to supply chain tracking, toll collection, vehicle parking access control, retail stock management, ski lift access, tracking library books, theft prevention, vehicle immobilizer systems and railway rolling stock identification and movement tracking. While RFID systems can yield great productivity gains, they also expose new threats to the security and privacy of individuals and anizations. One of the earliest papers exploring RFID is a landmark paper by Harry Stockman “Communication by Means of Reflected Power” published in 1948. This came on the heels of the radar and radio research undertaken during the Second World War. There are also several technologies related to RFID, such as long range transponder systems of IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) systems for aircraft. It was, however, 30 years before technology caught up with theory, for example, the development of the integrated circuit, the microprocessor and changing business practices. In the 1950s there was a theoretical exploration of RFID techniques with a number of pioneering research and