【正文】 ers, it is like perfect petition in that the free entry and exit of other firms in the industry pushes each firm toward having zero profit. Listen to the VOA special English report and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Business anization (1) 1. Business anizations can be classified into three forms. They are the individual proprietorship, the partnership and corporation. 2. An individual proprietorship involves an unlimited life. 3. Partnerships are expanded proprietorship in which all decisions and responsibilities are shared by the partners. 4. On the negative side, a partnership has limited life, lasting only as long as the partnership agreement is in force. 5. Double taxation refers to the fact that corporations have to pay taxes twice a year to the government. Business anization (2) 1. Corporation is the main form of small businesses in United States. 2. Shareholders can get dividends for the shares they hold, which are decided by a fixed rate. 3. If a corporation failed, the stockholders have to lose all their money to pay debts. 4. S corporations don’t need to pay taxes to the federal government. 5. Corporations are generally large panies, which raise money by issuing stocks. Translation work： 今天我們面臨一個基本的問題：最大的跨國公司都在變成全球范圍的經營者，那么國籍還重要嗎？如果從政府角度看，并考慮國家安全，一視同仁的看待國內和國外企業(yè)是不現(xiàn)實的。 limited fundraising ability。 unlimited life。 better fundraising ability specialization in management。 be his or her own boss. relatively easy to start。 D. Cooperatives. 1. A sole proprietorship is owned by a single individual who makes all the business decisions, receive all the profits and is responsible for any losses incurred by the firm. partnership is collectively owned by two or more people who jointly make the business decisions, share the profits and bear the financial responsibilities for losses. 3. A corporation is collectively owned by a number of individuals but has the legal status to act as a single fictitious person. Individual proprietorship partnership corporation advantages easy to start。 B. Partnership。 equals ≠: be not equal to ≡: be identical with。 is to %: percent ‰: per mille。 times ?: over。 positive : minus。 189。 The cheque itself is not money and is worthless if there is no deposit from which payments can be made to honor the cheque. Additional Knowledge 1. Expression of numbers: Even and odd numbers Positive and negative numbers Integer, decimal and fraction Cardinal and ordinal numbers 2. Expressions of powers： 10 的 3次冪 can be expressed as the third power of 10. 10 is the base（底數(shù)） and 3 is the exponent（指數(shù)） . 3. Expression of decimals: : three point five seven six 0. 83 : point eight three : one tenth or point one 4. Expression of fractions： A fraction consists of a numerator(分子 )，a denominator(分母 )， and a fraction stoke(分數(shù)線 ). 188。 Paper money when handled frequently bees torn and dirty, but it is periodically recalled and replaced. 3 那些面額不等，價值各異的硬幣和紙幣即 可以用來購買大件的貴重物品，也可以購買僅 值幾美分的小件物品。在國內，共同基金的正式名稱為「證券投資信托基金」 Certificate of deposit: a document written by a bank or other financial institution that is evidence of a deposit, with the issuer’s promise to return the deposit plus earnings at a specified interest rate within a specified time period. 存單 Money market funds: A type of mutual fund posed of shortterm debt instruments. 貨幣市場基金 Central bank is the principal moary authority of a nation, which performs several key functions, including issuing currency and regulating the supply of credit in the economy. A mercial bank is a financial institution, providing business loans, credit cards, checking and saving accounts, etc. Commercial banks are the largest financial intermediaries directly involved in the financing of real estate. Also known as an underwriter, an investment bank acts as an intermediary between corporations issuing new securities and the public. Normally an investment bank buys a new issue of securities for a negotiated price. The investment bank then forms a syndicate and resells the securities to its customers and to the public. 資源優(yōu)化配置 optimum distribution of resources 推進體制創(chuàng)新 to press forward with institutional innovation 從粗放經濟轉變?yōu)榧s經濟 to shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 技術成果商品化 mercialization of technical achievements 重點建設項目 key construction project 對內搞活，對外開放 to enliven the domestic economy and open up to the outside world 西部大開發(fā) largescale development of western region 經濟軟著陸 economic soft landing Translation work: 1 有些人因為喜歡錢本身而保存錢，但我們通 常把錢看作是滿足我們需求的手段。 ※ M2 includes M1 plus savings deposits, CDs (Certificates of Deposit), and money market funds。 portability。 2. wealth measured in terms of money。 in other words the free market system, with economic decisions being made by the producers and consumers. Capitalism is more used as a term of politics while market economy is a term of economics. It is, in essence, a way in which resources are allocated. Lesson 2 Economics a Surprisingly Broad Subject Current Business Expressions 經濟全球化和經濟一體化 economic globalization and integration 進行雙邊、多邊區(qū)域經濟合作 to carry out bilateral, multilateral and regional economic cooperation 按照國際慣例 according to international practice/conventions 與國際接軌 to gear oneself to the international conventions。 merchandise: formal term for goods。 goods: (tangible) physical product to be sold。 c. using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness。 ?―No contemporary society falls pletely into either of the above. Rather all society are mixed economic system with elements of ma