【正文】 +謂語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) （ 2）被動(dòng)句：主語(yǔ) +be done +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) +by +原主語(yǔ)（賓格） eg: They will make Beijing more beautiful Beijing will be made more beautiful by them Ⅱ .動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) （ 1）主動(dòng)句：主語(yǔ) +不及物動(dòng)詞 +介詞 /副詞 +賓語(yǔ) （ 2）被動(dòng)句：主語(yǔ) +be done +介詞 /副詞 +by 原主語(yǔ)（賓格） Eg : She looks after her grandmother Her grandmother is looked after by her Ⅲ .情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) （ 1）主動(dòng)句：主語(yǔ) +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +動(dòng)詞原形 +賓語(yǔ) （ 2）被動(dòng)句：主語(yǔ) +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +be done +by 原主語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)） Eg: We can easily download new book from the inter New book can be easily download from the inter Ⅳ .祈使句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（當(dāng)主句為肯定祈使句時(shí)） （ 1）主動(dòng)句：動(dòng)詞原形 +賓語(yǔ) （ 2）被動(dòng)句： Let +動(dòng)詞原形 +be done Eg:Clean the room at once Let the room be cleaned at once （五）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)： 1）不愿意說(shuō)出動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者 /強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞的承受者時(shí)，常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Eg : The toys are intended for children aged 6 2）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)為反身代詞，相反代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Eg : The girl found herself in the room 3）當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是表示狀態(tài)，結(jié)果的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Eg : Does the pair of shoes suit you 4）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)表示數(shù)量，質(zhì)量大小，程度時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Eg : The stone weighs one ton 5）在以下句型中，用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義 （ 1）主語(yǔ) +be worth + doing Eg: The novel is worth reading （ 2）主語(yǔ) +have/get sb/sth done Eg : I have my watch stolen （ 3）主語(yǔ) +want/need/require + doing Eg : The room needs cleaning （ 4）主語(yǔ) + be + under/in + 抽象名詞 Eg : The car is in repair （六）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的差別： 1）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作；做表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài) Eg : The shop is closed at 5:00 pm The shop is closed 2）過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，不能跟 by + n（動(dòng)作發(fā)出者）結(jié)構(gòu)，但時(shí)常與其他介詞短語(yǔ)連用 Eg : I’m not satisfied with her work He seemed worried about his health 主謂一致 主謂一致： 在英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中，句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)量上要與主語(yǔ)保持一致，我們稱之為“主謂一致”。 This room is half the size of that one. The report indicates that the new power station produces __________ energy as the one built earlier. A． twice much B． as twice C． twice much as D． twice as much 解析： 倍數(shù)＋ as＋ much＋ n.＋ as＋比較對(duì)象 。 The production of grain has been increased by four times this year. 今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了 4倍 (1)用 times表示倍數(shù)時(shí) ， 一般是限于表示三倍或三倍以上的數(shù) ， 表示兩倍用 twice或 double， 一倍則用 once。 3） 表示 “ …… 是 …… 倍 ” ， 倍數(shù) + as +形容詞 /副詞 + as 例如： Our factory is twice as big as theirs. 我們的工廠是他們的三倍 。 1） 表示 “ 幾倍大小 （ 長(zhǎng)短；數(shù)量 ） ” 倍數(shù) + the size（ length， amount…… ） 例如： The earth is forthnine times the size of the moon. 地球是月亮的 49倍大 。 belong to belongs to 倍數(shù)的表示方法 倍數(shù)＋ as many/much＋ n.＋ as。 This chair should belong to another room. 這把椅子應(yīng)該放在另一個(gè)房間里。s very dull. little by little：一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地；慢慢地；逐漸地 bit by bit：一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地 not a little：許多；很 not a bit：一點(diǎn)也不 a little bit：少量的 (意思同 a little) a little more/less：有點(diǎn)多 /少 belong to：屬于，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 例如： —I39。相當(dāng)于 the opposite is true。多用以引出相互矛盾的觀點(diǎn)、意見(jiàn)等。鎮(zhèn)靜 on the other hand：另一方面；反過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō) 精講拓展： ① at hand： 在手邊，在附近；即將到來(lái)，即將發(fā)生 ② at first hand：第一手地；直接地 ③ at second hand：第二手地；間接地 ④ on (the) one hand...。 (…… 方向 )前進(jìn)；用頭頂(球 )；頭腦 head for/towards：朝 …… 前進(jìn) 。 ② In their terms， cutting government spending is the most important thing. 根據(jù)他們的觀點(diǎn)，削減政府開(kāi)支是最重要的事情。 C in terms of：從 …… 方面來(lái)說(shuō)；從 …… 的觀點(diǎn) ① in no uncertain terms： 毫不含糊地，直截了當(dāng)?shù)? ② in the long term：從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)看 ③ be in terms：在談判 (交涉 )中 ④ keep on good/friendly terms with sb.： 與某人保持良好 (友誼 )關(guān)系，交朋友 ⑤ be on equal terms：關(guān)系平等 ⑥ in one’s terms：依照某人的條件 誤區(qū)警示：在短語(yǔ) in terms of“根據(jù) …… ；依照 ……” 中 term須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。reach an agreement意為“達(dá)成協(xié)議”，符合題意。 C項(xiàng)符合句意。 [活學(xué)活用 ] I was driving around the corner when a policeman ________ to me to stop. A. showed B. expressed C. signed D. warned 答案與解析 C 句意：我剛要開(kāi)車拐彎，這時(shí)一位警察示意我停下來(lái)。t a sign of life in the place. 那兒沒(méi)有生命的跡象。 例如： He is referred to as a living Lei Feng. sign (1) Sign your name here, please. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里簽上你的名字。例如： 例如： These books refer to Asian problems. （ 4） refer to...as... 的用法。例如： 例如： Please don39。 B refer to: （ 1）表示“查閱”或“參考”之意。s easy to find — there is a church just ________ my house. A. in B. opposite C. on D. through 答案與解析 B 句意：我家很容易找到，正對(duì)面有座教堂。 D opposite …… 對(duì)面 ，對(duì)面的，對(duì)立的，相反的 n．反義詞，對(duì)立的事物，相反的人 精講拓展： be opposite to：在 …… 對(duì)面；與 …… 相反 opposition n．反對(duì)，敵對(duì)，相反 in opposition to：反對(duì) 誤區(qū)警示： opposite作名詞用時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，表示“對(duì)立場(chǎng)，相反的人”，而 opposition是不可數(shù)名詞，意思是“反對(duì)，反抗”。從而構(gòu)成“ make＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 A項(xiàng)和 C項(xiàng)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用； now that“既然”，用作連詞。 [活學(xué)活用 ] She left school three years ago and has worked as a nurse ________. A. from then on B. ever since C. after that D. now that 答案與解析 B 句意：她三年前畢業(yè)，從那時(shí)起便一直當(dāng)護(hù)士。s technical terms have been in French ever since. 拓展 (1)ever since＋ n./pron.“自從 …… 時(shí)起”，since為介詞。句意為：發(fā)展過(guò)熱可能會(huì)給國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)不利的影響。t go to school because of sickness. ① owing to：由于，多虧 ② thanks to：由于 ③ due to：由于，預(yù)定