【正文】 r 申請make preparations(arrangement)for 為…作準備take(bear,assume)responsibility for 負起對…責任for the sake of 為了…的利益/緣故for the purpose of 為了…的目的for the benefit(good)of 為了…的利益for the time being 暫時，在目前 （十二）forward forward 作副詞時常與下列動詞搭配使用 bring forward 提出；提前；涌現(xiàn) carry forward 推進，發(fā)揚 put forward 提出；推舉出；提前 set forward 提出；促進；將（鐘表）撥快 （十三）from from 只作介詞，常與下列名詞，動詞，形容詞搭配使用。 down 用作副詞時常與以下動詞搭配使用。如： She did nothing but (=only)cry. He desired nothing but to pass the examination. (9) by by 既可以作介詞也可以作副詞1）動詞＋bygo by 走過；按…判斷；順便走訪stand by 站在旁邊；袖手旁觀；支持get by 通過；維持生活hold by 堅持（意見）layput + by 把…放在旁邊；積蓄木 set by 把…擱開；儲備2）其它慣用搭配詞組take sb. by the hand 拉某人的手catch the coat,hair,etc. 抓…人的外衣、頭發(fā)等abide by ，堅持go ,e ,travel by land (sea,air,train,bus,car) 陸上、海上或乘飛機、公共汽車、火車、轎車，往來旅游by and by 不久 by oneself 單獨地by accident 偶然 by surprise 突然，出乎意料 by chance 偶然，意外 by the way 且說，順便說by way of 作為，取道 by mistake 弄錯，誤會by one’s appearance 從…的外表 by turns 輪流by means of 利用 by all means 無論如何by reason of 由于，憑…理由 by far 在很大程度上 by on means 決不 （十）down down 既可用作介詞也可用作副詞。1）動詞＋backbring back 帶回；使回憶起；使健康call back 叫回；收回（說錯的話）；回電話cut back 修剪；減少 fall back 退卻get back 回來，收回；恢復 hold back 抵擋；躊躇；忍住draw back 拉開；往后退；不履行（諾言等）keep back(sth.)阻止向前；忍??；隱瞞pull back 向后拉；撤回；節(jié)??；改變主意put back 放回原處；把（鐘表）撥回；推遲sit back 休息；不采取行動set back 把（鐘表）撥回；阻礙；倒退ring back 回電話，再打電話 take back 拿回，收回，帶回turn back 折回；重新提到 talk back 頂嘴；反復重說pay back 報答；向…報復；償付2）其它慣用搭配詞組fall back on 求得…支持 run back over 回顧go back (up) on 背約，食言，出賣to and back 往返，來回go back from one’s word 違約，食言(8) but (anything,everything,anyone,everyonge)+but bring around 說服；使恢復（知覺、健康、正常等）；把某人帶來 get around 說服，爭取；下功夫去做；繞過，躲避 go around 四處走動；繞過；順便去；（消息）流傳 look around 掉頭看，環(huán)顧；參觀 pull around 使康復 e around 恢復健康；改變看法 hand around 傳遞，傳閱，分發(fā)（五）at at 只用作介詞，常與下列動詞、分詞、形容詞搭配。 e across 橫越…，偶爾碰見 run across 跑著穿過；偶爾碰見 cut across 抄近路穿過 get across 惹（某人）不高興；通過 get sth. across 領(lǐng)會 put across 哄騙 put sth. across 使人聽懂（三）against against 只用作介詞，常與下列名詞或動詞搭配使用。常用介詞及副詞的搭配用法歸納（－）about about既可以用作介詞也可以用作副詞，它常和下列名詞,動詞，形容詞搭配使用。名詞＋abouttalk about 關(guān)于???談話；　information about/on 關(guān)于???知識，消息動詞＋aboutthink about sth. 考慮某事 look about 環(huán)顧；考慮bring about 帶來，造成，引起 leave about 亂放e about 發(fā)生 go about 四處走動get about 走動，傳開，著手干 set about 開始，著手hang about 逗留，徘徊 put about 傳播謠言turn about 回首，轉(zhuǎn)身，輪流　　　　tell sth. 告訴某人某事 grief about sth. 對…傷心　　　　　　confuse sth 使某人對某事感到混亂 bother sth 為某事打擾某人　　gossip about 、閑聊某人或某事形容詞+abouthopeful about/of 希望，期待 particular about 對…講究，特別enthusiastic about 對…熱心 crazy about ab./sth. 對…欣喜sure about/of 對..確定知道，對…有把握 anxious about 對…擔憂，焦慮 anxious for 渴望careful about/of 注意，保護，保重 careful with 對…注意，照顧careless about 對…不留心 feel nervous about/at sth. 對…感到不安doubtful about/of 對…感到好奇 optimistic about 對…感到樂觀happy about/at sth. 因某事而感到高興（二）across across 既可以用作介詞也可以用作副詞，它常與下列動詞搭配使用。1）名詞+against grudge against 對…怨恨 declaration against 反對…聲明或宣言hostility against 對…敵意 battle against 反對…的斗爭2）動詞+against swim against the current/tide 逆流而泳 run against the wind 逆風而跑work against 反對，搶時間 defend against 團結(jié)起來反對…side against 與別人站在一方反對…人 rebel against 反，反抗…stand against 反對… prejudice against 對…有偏見rise against 起來反對… argue against 抗議，反對…protest against 抗議，反對 strike against 反抗…struggle against（with）向…做斗爭，跟…搏斗go against 違背… run against 與…競選 contend against 與…抗爭（四）around(round) around(round)既可以用作介詞也可以用作副詞，常與下列動詞搭配使用。動詞+atfrown at 對…不滿 shoot at 朝…射擊 jump at sb. 攻擊某人或某事fire at sth. or sb. 向…開火 snap at 猛咬，猛撲 throw sth. at sth. or sb. 向…投擲…laugh at 冷笑，嘲笑 smile at 對…微笑，對…一笑置之 get(rench) at ，達到，理解catch at/grasp at 抓?。话盐兆? hint at 暗示 point at/to glance at 瞥見　　　　call at (family,office)/call on sb. 訪問 peer/stare/gaze at 凝視　　　　land/touch down/strike at 著路 aim at