【正文】 acquiree as part of allocating the cost of a bination. IN11 This IFRS requires an acquirer to recognise liabilities for terminating or reducing the activities of the acquiree as part of allocating the cost of the bination only when the acquiree has, at the acquisition date, an existing liability for restructuring recognised in accordance with IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. IAS 22 required an acquirer to recognise as part of allocating the cost of a business bination a provision for terminating or reducing the activities of the acquiree that was not a liability of the acquiree at the acquisition date, provided the acquirer satisfied specified criteria. IN12 This IFRS requires an acquirer to recognise separately the acquiree’s contingent liabilities (as defined in IAS 37) at the acquisition date as part of allocating the cost of a business bination, provided their fair values can be measured reliably. Such contingent liabilities were, in accordance with IAS 22, subsumed within the amount recognised as goodwill or negative goodwill. IN13 IAS 22 required an intangible asset to be recognised if, and only if, it was probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the asset would flow to the entity, and its cost could be measured reliably. The probability recognition criterion is not included in this IFRS because it is always considered to be satisfied for intangible assets acquired in business binations. Additionally, this IFRS includes guidance clarifying that the fair value of an intangible asset acquired in a business bination can normally be measured with sufficient reliability to qualify for recognition separately from goodwill. If an intangible asset acquired in a business bination has a finite useful life, there is a rebuttable presumption that its fair value can be measured reliably. Measuring the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed IN14 IAS 22 included a benchmark and an allowed alternative treatment for the initial measurement of the identifiable net assets acquired in a business bination, and therefore for the initial measurement of any minority interests. This IFRS requires the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities recognised as part of allocating the cost of the bination to be measured initially by the acquirer at their fair values at the acquisition date. Therefore, any minority interest in the acquiree is stated at the minority’s proportion of the net fair values of those items. This is consistent with IAS 22’s allowed alternative treatment. Subsequent accounting for goodwill IN15 This IFRS requires goodwill acquired in a business bination to be measured after initial recognition at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Therefore, the goodwill is not amortised and instead must be tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it might be impaired. IAS 22 required acquired goodwill to be systematically amortised over its useful life, and included a rebuttable presumption that its useful life could not exceed twenty years from initial recognition. Excess of acquirer’s interest in the net fair value of acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over cost IN16 This IFRS requires the acquirer to reassess the identification and measurement of the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities and the measurement of the cost of the bination if, at the acquisition date, the acquirer’s interest in the net fair value of those items exceeds the cost of the mbination. Any excess remaining after that reassessment must be recognised by the acquirer immediately in profit or loss. In accordance with IAS 22, any excess of the acquirer’s interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired over the cost of the acquisition was accounted for as negative goodwill as follows: (a) to the extent that it related to expectations of future losses and expenses identified in the acquirer’s acquisition plan, it was required to be carried forward and recognised as ine in the same period in which the future losses and expenses were recognised. (b) to the extent that it did not relate to expectations of future losses and expenses identified in the acquirer’s acquisition plan, it was required to be recognised as ine as follows: (i) for the amount of negative goodwill not exceeding the aggregate fair value of acquired identifiable nonmonetary assets, on a systematic basis over the remaining weighted average useful life of the identifiable depreciable assets. (ii) for any remaining excess, immediately. International Financial Reporting Standard 3 Business Combinations Objective The objective of this IFRS is to specify the financial reporting by an entity when it undertakes a business bination. In particular, it specifies that all business binations should be accounted for by applying the purchase method. Therefore, the acquirer recognises the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities at their fair values at the acquisition date, and also recognises goodwill, which is subsequently tested for impairment rather than amortised. Scope 2 Except as described in paragraph 3, entities shall apply this IFRS when accounting for business binations. 3 This IFRS does not apply to: (a) business binations in which separate entities or businesses are brought together to form a joint venture. (b) business binations involving entities or businesses under mon control. (c) business binations involving two or more mutual entities. (d) business binations in which separate entities or businesses are brought together to form a reporting entity by contract alone without the obtaining of an ownership interest (for example, binations in which sepa