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基于plc和變頻器的包裝印刷機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計-文庫吧資料

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【正文】 espect to the following aspects.In modern manufacturing, systems are characterized by product and process innovation, bee customerdriven and thus have to respond quickly to changing system requirements. A major challenge is therefore to provide enabling technologies that can economically reconfigure automation control systems in response to changing needs and new opportunities. Design and operational knowledge can be reused in realtime, therefore, giving a significant petitive edge in industrial practice.Studies have shown that programming methodologies in automation systems have not been able to match rapid increase in use of puting resources. For instance, the programming of PLCs still relies on a conventional programming style with ladder logic diagrams. As a result, the delays and resources in programming are a major stumbling stone for the progress of manufacturing industry. Testing and debuggi。Third, adaptability good。參考文獻(xiàn)1 關(guān)昭軍等.變頻器調(diào)速裝置使用淺析.電工文摘,2010,(10):25~422 張錦燊.基于PLC和變頻器的印刷機(jī)控制系統(tǒng).中山大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文,2007:10~303 張靜俠等.采用PLC控制凹版印刷機(jī)三電機(jī)同步.職業(yè), 2008,6(32):8~84 藍(lán)鼎銘.可編程序控制器學(xué)術(shù)分析.華章, 2010,9(31):9~105 孫玉榮等.專用三相異步電動機(jī)和普通三相異步電動機(jī)用于變頻調(diào)速的比較.中國市場,2008,5(14):12~136 吳海燕.變頻器的諧波干擾和負(fù)載的匹配.現(xiàn)代企業(yè)教育,2006,5(16):3~47 王志強(qiáng).非晶帶材厚度自動控制的研究.東北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文,2009:4~58 方向明.基于PLC的先進(jìn)控制策略的研究與應(yīng)用.東北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文,2008:16~209 黃慧敏.通用變頻器應(yīng)用中的問題及對策.礦山機(jī)械,2004,5(11):30~3510 曹玉泉,王主恩.異步電機(jī)變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)(二).油氣田地面工程,1991,2(2):15~3011 劉錚,賈斌,馬麗輝.基于交流異步電機(jī)變頻調(diào)速及多種調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的對比.機(jī)電信息,2011,1(9): 10~1512 李肇果.電動執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)常見故障及快速排除方法.自動化與儀器儀表,2009,10(3):3~513 Cynthia Cooper.Programmable Logic Controller[J].the free wikipedia encyclopedia,2002:16~2014 [M K] Chung.Optimum values of design variables versus specific speed for centrifugal pumps[J].Proceeding of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,2009:10~1915 Valenzuela M A,Lorenz R D.Electronic line shafting control for paper machine drives.IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2001:10~30 附錄一ONE、PLC overviewProgrammable controller is the first in the late 1960s in the United States, then called PLC programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller) is used to replace relays. For the implementation of the logical judgment, timing, sequence number, and other control functions. The concept is presented PLC General Motors Corporation. PLC and the basic design is the puter functional improvements, flexible, generic and other advantages and relay control system simple and easy to operate, such as the advantages of cheap prices bined controller hardware is standard and overall. According to the practical application of target software in order to control the content of the user procedures memory controller, the controller and connecting the accused convenient target.In the mid1970s, the PLC has been widely used as a central processing unit microprocessor, import export module and the external circuits are used, largescale integrated circuits even when the PLC is no longer the only logical (IC) judgment functions also have data processing, PID conditioning and data munications functions. International Electro technical Commission (IEC) standards promulgated programmable controller for programmable controller draft made the following definition : programmable controller is a digital electronic puters operating system, specifically for applications in the industrial design environment. It used programmable memory, used to implement logic in their internal storage operations, sequence control, timing, counting and arithmetic operations, such as operating instructions, and through digital and analog input and output, the control of various types of machinery or production processes. Programmable controller and related peripherals, and industrial control systems easily linked to form a whole, to expand its functional design. Programmable controller for the user, is a noncontact equipment, the procedures can be changed to change production processes. The programmable controller has bee a powerful tool for factory automation, widely popular replication. Programmable controller is useroriented industries dedicated control puter, with many distinctive features.First, high reliability, antiinterference capability。綜上所述,本文對凹版印刷機(jī)的PLC控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計采用PLC控制變頻器調(diào)速的基本方法,綜合的運(yùn)用了閉環(huán)控制,反饋調(diào)節(jié)的基本原理,在原有的基礎(chǔ)上實現(xiàn)加入加速裝置的新創(chuàng)意,提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和效率,在今后的工作中將會繼續(xù)研究這方面的問題。4. 基于變頻器調(diào)速原理的廣泛應(yīng)用,采用變頻器對電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)行控制。2. 提出了一種采用張力傳感器的力電轉(zhuǎn)換裝置使比較抽象的張力檢測轉(zhuǎn)變成我們能夠?qū)崟r檢測的電信號。結(jié)論本文較完整的討論了基于凹版印刷機(jī)的變頻器控制系統(tǒng)PLC設(shè)計的原理、硬件組成、軟件構(gòu)成。7.設(shè)定加速上限和減速下限:當(dāng)系統(tǒng)計數(shù)次數(shù)大于等于500次時,M0通道被接通,則常閉觸點(M0)此時動作為關(guān)閉,完成對加速過程斷電,此時加速結(jié)束。5.系統(tǒng)減速過程:當(dāng)系統(tǒng)減速按鈕SB3被按下時,此時線圈(X003)被閉合,啟動后滿足啟動條件,此時(M11)為存放減速數(shù)據(jù)的通道,圖中(M1)為控制減速下限的通道。3.啟動整個系統(tǒng):此時系統(tǒng)按下啟動按鈕,即此時(X000)被接通,M2由于上條語句構(gòu)成自鎖,(Y001)為系統(tǒng)指示燈,當(dāng)系統(tǒng)啟動按鈕被按下此時系統(tǒng)指示燈被點亮,并且構(gòu)成自鎖,此時系統(tǒng)主變頻運(yùn)行(Y004)、后變頻運(yùn)行(Y005)、前變頻運(yùn)行(Y006)基于通道M2的指示而接通或者斷開。1.整個系統(tǒng)梯形圖:系統(tǒng)警鈴:本條梯形圖中X004常開觸點為報警按鈕,X001常閉觸點在此處代表急停,圖中Y002常開觸點代表警鈴輸出,本條梯形圖,當(dāng)系統(tǒng)未啟動之前警鈴按鈕按下,即此時X004被接通,系統(tǒng)的警鈴開始鳴響,此時系統(tǒng)警鈴響的目的是防止系統(tǒng)突然啟動,造成意外事故,警鈴響起,起到警醒的作用。比例I/微分D=2,具體值可根據(jù)儀表定,再調(diào)整比例帶P,P過頭,到達(dá)穩(wěn)定的時間長,P太短,會震蕩,永遠(yuǎn)也打不到設(shè)定要求[6]。PID控制器參數(shù)的整定步驟如下:(1)首先預(yù)選擇一個足夠短的采樣周期讓系統(tǒng)工作;(2)僅加入比例控制環(huán)節(jié),直到系統(tǒng)對輸入的階躍響應(yīng)出現(xiàn)臨界振蕩,記下這時的比例放大系數(shù)和臨界振蕩周期;(3)在一定的控制度下通過公式計算得到PID控制器的參數(shù)?,F(xiàn)在一般采用的是臨界比例法。三種方法各有其特點,其共同點都是通過試驗,然后按照工程經(jīng)驗公式對控制器參數(shù)進(jìn)行整定。二是工程整定方法,它主要依賴工程經(jīng)驗,直接在控制系統(tǒng)的試驗中進(jìn)行,且方法簡單、易于掌握,在工程實際中被廣泛采用。它主要是依據(jù)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,經(jīng)過理論計算確定控制器參數(shù)。它是根據(jù)被控過程的特性確定PID控制器的比例系數(shù)、積分時間和微分時間的大小。所以對有較大慣性或滯后的被控對象,比例+微分(PD)控制器能改善系統(tǒng)在調(diào)節(jié)過程中的動態(tài)特性。解決的辦法是使抑制誤差的作用的變化“超前”,即在誤差接近零時,抑制誤差的作用就應(yīng)該是零。自動控制系統(tǒng)在克服誤差的調(diào)節(jié)過程中可能會出現(xiàn)振蕩甚至失穩(wěn)。 微分(D)控制:在微分控制中,控制器的輸出與輸入誤差信號的微分(即誤差的變化率)成正比關(guān)系。這樣,即便誤差很小,積分項也會隨著時間的增加而加大,它推動控制器的輸出增大使穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差進(jìn)一步減小,直到等于零。為了消除穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差,在控制器中必須引入“積分項”。:在積分控制中,控制器的輸出與輸入誤差信號的積分成正比關(guān)系。其控制器的輸出與輸入誤差信號成比例關(guān)系。PID控制器就是根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的誤差,利用比例、積分、微分計算出控制量進(jìn)行控制的。Bit2:輸出變化量(增方)超出。 注[S3]采樣周期(Ts)1~32767ms不能小于掃描周期[S3]+ 1動作方向(ACT)Bit0: 0為正作用、為反作用Bit1: 0為無輸入變化量報警1為有輸入變化量報警Bit2:0為無輸出變化量報警1為有輸出變化量報警Bit3 ~ Bit15不用[S3]+ 2輸入濾波常數(shù)(L)0~99(%)對反饋量的一階慣性數(shù)字濾波環(huán)節(jié)[S3]+ 3比例增益(Kp)1~32767(%)[S3]+ 4積分時間(TI)0~32767(100ms)0與∝作同樣處理[S3]+ 5微分增益(KD)0~100(%)[S3]+ 6微分時間(TD)0~32767(10ms
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