【正文】 ctYou and all organisms live in an environment. An environment is made up of everything that surrounds an organism. It can include the air, the water, the soil, and even other organisms.An organism responds to changes in its environment. When an organism responds to a change, it reacts in certain ways. All living things respond in some way.Have you ever noticed how plants and insects respond to light? Plants bend toward light. Insects fly toward light.Living things also respond in other ways. The leaves on some trees respond to a change in season. In autumn, they change colors and then fall off the branches. Animals also respond to a change in season. Squirrels save nuts for the winter. Bears sleep through the winter in a cave.You respond to your environment in many ways, too. You may shiver if you are cold. What other ways do you respond to changes in your environment? (156 words)Useful Words and Expressions:react vi. 反應(yīng)，起作用react against oppression反抗壓迫react on each other相互起作用Unkindness often reacts on the unkind 。有所覺察suspect sb．of a crime懷疑某人犯罪I suspected her 。s one of them. (138 words)Useful Words and Expressions:Qualified adj. 有資格的qualify as a doctor取得醫(yī)生資格qualify for the vote有選舉權(quán)qualify to do sth．使有資格做某事pilot n．飛行員，領(lǐng)航員，引水員captain n．船長，機(jī)長，隊(duì)長ashore adv．向岸地，在岸上地rocky adj．多巖石的on board 到船上，在船上suspect v．懷疑，對…m the guide here, madam, answered the Southern guide. (147 words)Useful Words and Expressions: bitterness n．痛苦，悲傷，強(qiáng)烈的bitter adj．苦味的，辛酸的，懷恨的；強(qiáng)烈的a bitter taste苦味a bitter smile苦笑bitter tears辛酸的眼淚bitter remarks刻薄的話，惡毒的話bitter discipline嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練a bitter argument激烈的爭論victorious adj．獲勝的，勝利的the victorious army獲勝的隊(duì)伍a victorious cheer勝利的歡呼forgive vt．原諒，饒恕party］n．一群人battlefield n．戰(zhàn)場，沙場stirring adj．激動(dòng)人心的a stirring person活躍的人a stirring speech 動(dòng)人的演說conquer vi．征服，戰(zhàn)勝the Civil War南北戰(zhàn)爭photographer n．?dāng)z影師photograph n. 照片take a photograph of 拍攝studio n．照相室，工作室，畫室art studio 美術(shù)工作室broadcast studio 播出演播室，廣播播音室TV studio電視演播室film Studio電影制片廠，電視制片演播室radio studio播音室Passage 15A Guide39。s no fault of his. 這不是他的過錯(cuò)。s my fault, I dropped it.誰把杯子摔了？一這是我的過錯(cuò)，我摔的。t our fault. Why didn39。s studio. She went inside and said angrily, You took some photographs of me and my husband last week, but I39。t Our FaultMr. and Mrs. Williams got married when he was twentythree, and she was twenty. Twentyfive years later, they had a big party, and a photographer came and took some photographs of them.Then the photographer gave Mrs. Williams a card and said, They39。s mind留在某人腦海里Dwell in joy沉浸于歡樂之中re moving out tomorrow.(163 words)Useful Words and Expressions:luggage n. 行李，皮箱a piece of luggage 一件行李check one39。ll be very happy here. Mr. and Mrs. Jones said, But madam, we are not new dwellers in this apartment. We39。t know any of their neighbors, not even the ones next door. But in this building everyone is very friendly with everyone else. We are like one big happy family. I39。 apartment was full of luggage, packages, furniture and boxes. Both of them were very busy when they heard the doorbell ring. Mrs. Jones went to open it and she saw a middleaged lady outside. The lady said she lived next door. Mrs. Jones invited her to e in and apologized because there was no place for her to sit. Oh, that39。t rain. (154 words)Useful Words and Expressions:Suffer vt．遭受，經(jīng)歷，忍受suffer from a headache經(jīng)受頭痛之苦suffer death喪生suffer heavy casualties傷亡慘重suffer from ill health身體不好fierce．兇猛的，猛烈的a fierce wolf一頭兇猛的惡狼the fierce glare on his face他那種兇狠的目光poetic詩情畫意的，浪漫的poetic diction詩般的詞句a poetic romance詩一般浪漫的經(jīng)歷poetic insight詩人般的洞察力postscript n．附言，后記s PromiseOne day a young man was writing a letter to his girl friend who lived just a few miles away in a nearby town. He was telling her how much he loved her and how wonderful he thought she was. The more he wrote the more poetic he became. Finally, he said that in order to be with her he would suffer the greatest difficulties, he would face the greatest dangers that anyone could imagine. In fact, to spend only one minute with her, he would swim across the widest river, he would enter the deepest forest, and he would fight against the fiercest animals with his bare hands.He finished the letter, signed his name, and then suddenly remembered that he had forgotten to mention something quite important. So, in a postscript below his name, he added:By the way, I39。Passage 11A Henpecked Husband and His WifeThere was once a large, fat woman who had a small, thin husband. He had a job in a big pany and was given his weekly wages every Friday evening. As soon as he got home on Fridays, his wife used to make him give her all his money, and then she used to give him back only enough to buy his lunch in his pany every day.One day, the small man came home very excited. He hurried into the livingroom. His wife was listening to the radio and eating chocolates there.You will never guess what happened to me today, dear, he said.He waited for a few seconds and then added, I won ten thousand dollars on the lottery!That is wonderful! said his wife delightedly. But then she pulled a long face and added angrily, But how could you afford to buy the ticket? (148 words)Useful Words and Expressions:henpecked adj．[口]怕老婆的，妻管嚴(yán)的livingroom 客廳，起居室lottery n．獎(jiǎng)券，彩票a lottery ticket彩票，獎(jiǎng)券a great lottery 虛無縹緲的事delightedly adj．喜歡地，高興地a delighted look高興的神情pull a long face拉下臉來have a smiling face笑臉have a face to say that臉皮厚得竟能講出這種話The town was built among the hills, hence the name ，故取名山城。Passage 10Private CarsWith the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a car. Yet opinions of the development of a private car vary from person to person.It gives a much greater degree of fort and mobility. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport, and hence no irritation caused by waiting for