【正文】 Passage 1Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own .They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months. (154 words)Useful Words and Expressions:next door n. n．隔壁the neighbors next他 door隔壁鄰居lonely adj ．孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的，偏僻的，人跡罕至的lonely life孤單的生活a lonely old man一位孤獨(dú)的老人a lonely sand一個(gè)孤島the loneliest night最孤獨(dú)的夜晚on (one39。s) own獨(dú)自；獨(dú)立地；通過自己的努力She lives on her own．她一個(gè)人過。She go the job on her own．她自己找到了這份工作。He Is now out of colleg6 and on his own．他現(xiàn)在離開了大學(xué)并且自己生活。Passage 2 A Change in Women39。s LifeThe important change in women39。s lifepattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women39。s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a fulltime job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the schoolleaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to fulltime or parttime work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them. (154 words)Useful Words and Expressions:lifepattern 生活方式effect [i39。fekt] n. 結(jié)果，效果，作用，影響The old system is still in effect. 舊制度仍然有效。He is, in effect, my rival. 實(shí)際上他是我的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。The medicine quickly took effect. 藥物很快見效了。share vt. 分享；共享，參與 n. 一份，部分，份額share responsibility 共同負(fù)責(zé)share a room with sb. 與某人共居一室share the joys and hardships 同甘共苦We shared the sweets. 我們分吃了糖果。one39。s share of the cake分享的一份好處，應(yīng)得的一份Passage 3A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what they do with their nonworking time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer, or autumn are likely to see gardens all the way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do.Looking at each other39。s gardens is a popular pastime with the English. (144 words)Useful Words and Expressions:③means n．（用作sing．）方法；方式；手段a means to an end達(dá)到目的的方法by all means務(wù)必；無論如何；千方百計(jì)地by any means ［口］用一切可能的方法或手段by fair means or foul不擇手段地by means of 通過；用；借助于by no means決不，一點(diǎn)也不by some means or (other）想個(gè)辦法；以某種方法leave no means untried想盡一切辦法not by any means一點(diǎn)也不，絕對(duì)不The end justifies the means．［諺］只要目的正當(dāng)，可以不擇手段。pot n．罐，壺windbox n．窗臺(tái)上的花盆箱，窗檻花箱pastime n．消遣，娛樂Swimming Is my favorite pastime．游泳是我最喜歡的一種娛樂。Passage 4 British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the U. S., hardly recognize any mon points between their lives and what they see on TVif they ever get home in time.Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them.The first difference is that a policeman39。s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what39。s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guiltyor not of stupid, unimportant crimes. (177 words)Useful Words and Expressions:think much of 重視，尊重in court 在法庭上criminal n．罪犯，犯罪者guilty adj．犯罪的，有罪的guilty look內(nèi)疚的神色the guilty party犯罪一方a guilty conscience犯罪感have a guilty conscience問心有愧；做賊心虛be found guilty被判決有罪be guilty of a crime犯了罪Passage 5Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behaviour of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions bee too crowded, their behaviour and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry bee clear. The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, population and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfac