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d Acceptable Excellent Cost Very Low Low High High Introduction Table Comparison of electrochemical power sources Tianjin Institute of Power Sources Technical requirement guidance (second stage) for power battery in eleventh fiveyear plan Capacity( Ah) 20 50 100 Power density( W/kg) ≥1800 ≥700 ≥500 Energy density( Wh/kg) LiFePO4 ≥65 ≥110 ≥110 LiMn2O4 ≥70 ≥120 ≥120 Max. discharge rate 30C(20s) 6C(30s) 5C(30s) Max. charge rate 10C(10s) (60s) 4C(60s) Internal resistance( mΩ) ≤ ≤ ≤ Safety Pass requirements of industiral norm or national standard Pack cycle life( 10,000km) 15( LFP), 10( LMO) Cost (RMB Yuan/Wh) ≤3 ≤2 ≤2 Tianjin Institute of Power Sources Performance of Liion battery for EV Manufacturer Positive material Negative material Specific energy (Wh/kg) Power density (W/kg) Capacity (Ah) A LiFePO4 MCMB 92 482 40 B LiFePO4 MCMB 107 663 C LiFePO4 MCMB 77 590 40 D LiFePO4 MCMB 92 439 60 E LiMn2O4 MCMB 112 487 100 Tianjin Institute of Power Sources Key Materials Cathode: LiMn2O4, LFP, NCM, LVP Anode: NGR, HC, LTO Electrolyte: LiPF6 based, LiBOB, ion liquid Separator: PE, PP, PP/PE/PP Tianjin Institute of Power Sources Key MaterialsLiMn2O4 Specific surface area: Samll Crystal: well Doping: Al、 Cr、 Zr…… Coating: Al2O ZrO AlPO4…… Tianjin Institute of Power Sources Key MaterialsLFP 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2nd charge/discharge Potential / .Li Specific Capacity / mAh/g LiH2PO4 Fe2O3 Doping source Carbon source Mixing/Ball milling Organic or water solvent Slurry mixture Dry posite particles at submicron level Spray drying Intermediate product Pulverizing Classification Final powder Product d50=36?m Drying in air (Optional) Tianjin Institute of Power Sources Key MaterialsNCM x =