【正文】 n the actual dimensions and material strengths obtained during can be quite different from the ones assumed at the design stage. In the light of these facts,one can easily see that there are many uncertainties involved in the seismic design of reinforced concrete engineer should be well aware of these facts and should not rely entirely on the numbers he has obtained from sophisticated and more plicated methods of analyses can easily carry the engineer away from the actual behaviour and make him a slave of simple methods supported by sound judgement based on behaviour will result in as satisfactory seismic design. simple Approach Seismic resistance can be acplished by following the basic steps given below: a good configuration a satisfactory analysis(Static or dynamic) and detailing the members properly. the building in accordance with the design project,under good supervision. The author believes that for ordinary residential or office buildings up to say ten stories,seismic resistance can be obtained to a great extent by following some simple rules given below are being used by a municipality in Turkey as a guide to designers and for checking the designs submitted to this first rule concerns the density ratio mentioned residential and office buildings up to ten stories,the summation of the crosssectional areas of vertical load carrying members(structural walls and columns)should satisfy the following equation. Av (1) Avsummation crosssectional areas of all vertical structural members at the floor(m2) Applan area at that floor(m2) In addition to this rule,the crosssectional area of each individual column should satisfy the following condition: Ac (n)(2) However the minimum column dimensions cannot be less than 25x25 cm. Accrosssectional area of the column(m2) Attributory area of the column(m2) nnumber of stories above The second set of rules are about minimum requirements and are summarized in Figures 7,8 and 9 for beams,columns and structural walls. In addition to these two sets of rules,the designer should choose a reasonable configuration and proper supervision should be provided at the construction these simple rules are followed and if the requirements are satisfied,most probably adequate seismic resistance will be obtained for the building classes specified,even if a lateral load analysis is not performed. The response of reinforced concrete buildings under seismic action depends not only on the nature of the ground motion,but also on the dynamic characteristics of the to uncrtainties involved in estimating the nature of the ground motion and the structural characteristics,only approximate results can be expected from numbers obtained from analyses should be filtered by making use of past experience and judgement can only be based on a firm knowledge about the seismic behaivour of reevaluation of damage observed during past earthquakes has revealed that seismic resistance can significantly be improved by following some simple simple rules have been summarized in this paper. REFERENCES MA:Toward a Behaviour Based Design of R/C Frames to Resist Earhquakes, Conference of Turkish Society of Civil ,Ankara,1978. U:Basic Principles for the Design of Seismic Resistant R/C Structures,Workshop on Seismic Design,RSS, Amman,Jordan,. R,Wood SL,De La Llera JC:The 1985 Chile Earthquake,Civil Engineering Studies,Structural Research Series ,University of Illinois,Urbana,April 1987. 外文資料翻譯 土木工程地震學(xué) 抗震鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計原則 摘 要： 地震造成相當(dāng)多的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。leymaniye. Mosque is shown in Figure author would like to point out the symmetry in the arrangement of load carrying S252。 附 錄 Seismology Civil Engineering SEISMIC RESISTANT REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURESDESIGN PRINCIPLES SUMMARY:Earthquakes cause considerable economic is possible to minimize the economic loses by proper seismic this paper basic principles for seismic design are are three basic requirements to be satisfied。(a)strength,(b)ductility and(c) the paper these are briefly discussed. In the second part of the paper the author summarizes his views on the damages observed in the past concludes that most of the damages have been due to,(a)bad configuration,(b)inadequate detailing and(c)inadequate the paper these are discussed,pointing out the mon mistakes made and damages observed as a result of these the last part of the paper some simple remendations are made for producing seismic resistant reinforced concrete structures,emphasizing on detailing and proportioning. Key Words:Seismic resistance,reinforced concrete. Every year more than 300 000 earthquakes occur on the of these are of small intensity and do not cause any damage to our ,earthquakes of larger intensity in the vicinity of populated