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泥適當水化需要最小量的水分。由珀特蘭水泥協(xié)會出版的“混凝土混合物的設計與控制”一書中全部包含了這類以及其他一些論題。美國混凝土協(xié)會出版了廣泛采用的專用于鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)要求的規(guī)范。與其他材料相比,混凝土易制成曲線型構(gòu)件和各種曲面。制 造混凝土無論原材料還是人工費都相當便宜,普通水泥的基本材料在世界各地都可得到。) 就這種材料的特性而言,鋼筋混凝土最佳的 結(jié)構(gòu)用途實在那些要求連貫性的和剛性的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)中。這些抗彎節(jié)點使得許多低層混凝土建筑物在橫向荷載作用下不需要輔助斜支撐系統(tǒng)。(這些藥店不適合于預制結(jié)構(gòu)件,這些預制結(jié)構(gòu)件通常不以連續(xù)方 式連接。由于它的質(zhì)量,混凝土也可以用作為有效的隔聲材料。制造低密度而保持其高性能水準的混凝土通常會導致成本提高。 混凝土比大多數(shù)其他建筑材料需要更多的質(zhì)量監(jiān)督。然而,現(xiàn)場或臨時攪拌的混凝土需要技術(shù)性監(jiān)督。無論是操作或養(yǎng)護條件不好或二者兼而有之都能嚴重削弱混凝土的強度。 適當?shù)幕炷翝仓捕嗌偃Q于周圍氣候條件。 附件 2:外文原文 (復印件) Properties of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Concrete is a manmade conglomerate stone posed of essentially four ingredients: portland cement, water, sand, and coarse aggregate. The cement and water bine to make a paste that binds the sand stones together .Ideally, the aggregates are graded so that the volume of paste is at a minimum , merely surrounding every piece with a thin layer. Most structural concrete is stone concrete ,but structural lightweight concrete (roughly twothirds the density of stone concrete)is being increasingly popular. Concrete is essentially a pressive material having almost no tensile strength ,so concrete`s weakness in tension also causes it to be weak in shear. These deficiencies are overe by using steel bars for reinforcement at the places where tensile and shearing stresses are generated.