【正文】 ecessary /strange/ natural /apity/ (should)do It is important that he （should）not e （should）不能省略 it is (high|about)time that 主 +should do 該到做某事的時候了It is high time that we should study hard 可以改成studied此句型中should do 可以由該動詞的一般過去式studied代替 should do died 四其他類型虛擬語氣1would rather 11do12 do rather than do 寧愿做而不愿意做13that+主語+did1與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾? 21had gone 與過去相反I would rather that he had not heard it .2 主句+as if/though+主語+動詞現(xiàn)在did /were 過去had gone 將來w/c+do He speaks lapanse very well as if he were a japanse 3 if noly 要是什么就好了 only if只要Wish though as if if only 四者虛擬形式相同If only you had listened to me 4 句1，or /otherwise ,句2 Hurry up,otherwise,wewill be late.Otherwise前面的和后面的如果都是真實情況就不虛擬He was very busy ,otherwise,he would have helped you 前面真后面假虛擬 兩種用法 1would+v原型 與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾? 2would +have done 與過去相反 過去好說 一半或?qū)砬懊娴膚as變后面的will跟著相應(yīng)的變化不？5 主句+lest免得/for feer恐怕that should+do原型 incase+that 以防萬一 should+do 此處should 不可省略可省略的情況should在1244之后 長詞important should +do(原) 不省略should 情況it is time 第二節(jié)倒裝正裝 主+謂語 倒 謂語+主 1含義 動詞放在主語之前動詞分 1實意動詞 2助動詞 1實意又分11 及物動詞 能夠直接加名詞 12不及物動詞 不能直接加名詞 助動詞 2 助動詞 21 情態(tài)動詞v can/must +v原22am is are was were do does did hava has had 二1 分類11完全倒裝整個謂語動詞放主語之前 12 部分倒裝 助動詞位于主語前I passed they passed he passed 不好找就先變否定 do did does 一完全倒裝1 地點 方位 時間 副詞 介詞位于句子首 here there in out now then up down away The bus es here here es the bus e 是放在the bus前面了 只不過不是放在最前面而已 注 如果主語是人稱代詞 則不倒裝I we you he she it they he es here here he es 如果倒裝按照完全倒裝的法則應(yīng)該是 es 放于 he 之前 而實際就是沒有放在之前只是簡單的把here提前而已2 介詞短語位于句子首部 介詞 +名詞 The bird sings in the tree in the tree sings the bird 考人稱代詞主要靠 here there 二部分倒裝 1 否定意義詞位于句子首部 no nowhere 在哪也沒有 never little不可數(shù) few可數(shù)seldom 很少 rarely很少的 否定詞 7個絕不I have never played such an interesting game Never had I played 其實還是助動詞 had 提前 只不過前面加了一個修飾had的never罷了 補(bǔ)充 hardly/scarcely when no sooner than 都是 一什么什么 就 的意思注 含義1 一什么什么 就 2 倒裝 前倒后不倒 3 時態(tài)一般后面用had done 一般過去時did had +主+過去分詞The snake had hardly fallen down when we were frightened 過去完成時 非had 而是hardly hardly had the snake fallen 還是把助動詞提前然后該怎么辦怎么辦 然后否定意義詞是修飾助動詞的放于句子首部2七個絕不放于句子首部In no case at no time on no account on no condition by no means under no circumstance in no way P13 筆記本 這七個都是絕不的意思Counter 反 We should in no case forget we are Chinese 這七個詞相當(dāng)于副詞修飾動詞In no case should we forget we are Chinese 3Not only +倒裝but also we should not only help ourselves but also help others Not only should we `````````4 not until +句子/n+部分倒裝 直到 才 He did not go home until midnight Not until midnight did he go home I did not know how to cherish until I lost it 珍惜Not until (I lost it )did I know not until 部分倒裝 did +主+v 原2表示 也 的倒裝1肯定的 也 so+助+主 I like English he likes English too . so does he If you jump ,I will jump to so will/shall I 補(bǔ)充 關(guān)于so的用法1 the boy is very lovely, so he is so am I 主語前后一致不倒裝 主語前后不一致就到裝了2so +adj/adv /such+n放于句首，后面加部分倒裝Chen is so charming that we all like it So charming is chen that `````2否定的 也 neither/nor 助+主I do not like English he does not like it ,either neither does he 3 only+狀語+部分倒裝1 狀語 時間 地點2修飾謂語動詞3充當(dāng)成分 31 副詞 32 介詞短語33 狀語從句Only后面加 1 then 時間副詞2in this way 介詞短語3after you left 狀語從句4as的倒裝 有時候用though 代替公式 名詞/行/副/+as +主+謂語 as 盡管 名詞前面不加 an a theStupid as I am ,I know what true love is 5 虛擬語氣倒裝 were had should 第二節(jié) 動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài) 第一部分時態(tài) 時態(tài)分時間和動作狀態(tài)我昨天 今天 明天 回家 分別為 I went home yesterday I go home today.I will go home tomorrow .時態(tài) 一般 進(jìn)行 完成 完成進(jìn)行 現(xiàn)在 1過去 1 0 將來 1 0過去將來 0 0 01代表學(xué)習(xí)這種時態(tài) 0代表不學(xué)習(xí)這種時態(tài) 那些空白的也是要學(xué)習(xí)的項目一般時態(tài) 習(xí)慣性經(jīng)常性動作1一般現(xiàn)在時 構(gòu)成be am is are do does 時間狀語 today every day/week always usually often sometimes She is always fainted 暈倒in class補(bǔ) 一般現(xiàn)在時其它用法1客觀事實普遍真理Death is a part of life.2表示人的性格 特征和能力He plays the piano very well3主將從現(xiàn) 主句一般將來從句一般現(xiàn)在使用條件 條件狀語 時間狀語If when as soon as 2一般過去時 構(gòu)成be 動 was were did 時間狀語 yesterday 什么ago last week in 1982Used to do 過去常常做某事 be used to do 被用來做某事 be used to doing 習(xí)慣做某事The wood is used to make desks The old man used to live in the country. But now he is used to living in the country 3 一般將來時 構(gòu)成 be動詞 will be will/shall+do will主語任意 shall主語得第一人稱I,we 時間狀語 tomorrow later next in2012 the following接下來的什么We will study hard in the following days 補(bǔ)充 一般將來時的其它用法1be going to 按照計劃安排，有明顯的跡象 肯定會發(fā)生的事Look at the cloud ,it is going to rainWe are going to make it2be about to do 正要做某事，馬上做某事Do not go out we are about to have dinner be about to do when`````I am about to go out when the telephone ringsBe to do 按照客觀安排發(fā)生的事We are to learn lesson 4 4過去將來時 構(gòu)成 would/should+do用法 一般用于間接隱語之間 轉(zhuǎn)述他人說的話直接 he said I will go 間接 he said that he would go 關(guān)鍵 逗號 引號對于 be going to be about to do be to do be am ia are 表示一般將來時 was were 表示過去時二 進(jìn)行時態(tài) 動作正在發(fā)生 并且可以持續(xù)通式 be+doing 1一般現(xiàn)在時 構(gòu)成 am is are +doing 時間狀語 now at the moment 感官提示性動詞 look listen look he is playing puter games 2過去進(jìn)行時 was were +doing 時間 具體時刻+一般過去時時間狀語 at yesterday Andy was having diner with a French beauty at 6 last night 補(bǔ) 一般過去時與過去進(jìn)行時互為時間背景When I came back ,my mother was cooking 3 將來進(jìn)行時構(gòu)成 will be doing 時間狀語 具體時刻+一般將來時三 完成時態(tài) 在某一刻之前 動作已經(jīng)完成 動作開始不知道 通式 have done1現(xiàn)在完成時 構(gòu)成 have has +done 用法 過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響時間狀語 already 用于肯定句 已經(jīng) yet用于否定或疑問句 已經(jīng)Just 剛剛 recently 最近 so far =up to now =till now 到目前為止In /during the past few years I have already lost my wallet 暗示現(xiàn)在沒有錢包，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響 I lost my wallet 與現(xiàn)在無關(guān) 過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且結(jié)束 時間狀語 for+一段時間 since +過去時間點 did I have worked for twenty years since 20 years ago since 1991 since I was 18 For +一段時間為延續(xù)性動詞Died be dead marry have married buy have borrow keep leave be away He has been dead for 3 years 表示曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過的事 have been to 去過某地回來了 have gone to 去某地沒回來Where is tom? He has