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【正文】 tfalls.The problem is “decision fatigue,” a psychological phenomenon that on the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients when it’s unwise to do so. “Presumably it’s because it’s simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “It’s as if there’s something fun and liberating about making someone else’s choice.”Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue—when they are tired of making choices—they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo （現(xiàn)狀）， he says. But the status quo can be problematic, since a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive oute.”In order to achieve a successful oute or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential. “People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,” he says. “That’s not to say that risk is always good, but it is related to taking action, whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin（懊惱）of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered.”Just because you can make good choices for others doesn’t mean you’ll do the same for yourself, Polman cautions. “Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves,” he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.全文翻譯及命題分析你在給他人提建議或某個(gè)同事正為做出一個(gè)決定而大傷腦筋的時(shí)候，答案在你看來卻是再明顯不過，正所謂“當(dāng)局者迷，旁觀者清。A選項(xiàng)中much better與實(shí)際程度不符，B選項(xiàng)與美國經(jīng)濟(jì)福祉持續(xù)改善的事實(shí)不符。雖然美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)福祉持續(xù)改善，但改善的速度明顯放緩，這明顯與美國人口普查局的報(bào)告有出入。根據(jù)第七自然段最后三句話，我們可以得知：本世紀(jì)初到本世紀(jì)中期，美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)福祉比其它大國都要好。該題作為本閱讀文章最后一題，閱讀點(diǎn)一般在文章結(jié)尾或靠后的位置。D. 自本世紀(jì)中期以來，美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)福祉一致沒有得到準(zhǔn)確的評估和報(bào)告。B. 自從世紀(jì)之交以來，美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)福祉一直在走下坡路?！靖蓴_分析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，其在文中對應(yīng)的閱讀點(diǎn)明確，其他干擾項(xiàng)迷惑性較小。第七自然段第一句話“The JonesKlenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time.”意思是：瓊斯和克勒諾提出的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也可以用來評估某個(gè)國家在某個(gè)時(shí)間段的經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)績?！径ㄎ恍畔ⅰ繉㈩}干中JonesKlenow method作為向?qū)г~，結(jié)合順序法，定位到第七自然段。C. 它可以診斷出一個(gè)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度放緩的原因。49. What is an advantage of the JonesKlenow method?A) It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.B) It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic wellbeing.C) It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.D) It can pare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.【題干譯文】瓊斯和克勒諾提出的方法有什么優(yōu)勢？【選項(xiàng)譯文】A. 它能夠準(zhǔn)確地指出一個(gè)國家當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。A選項(xiàng)明顯與文章主旨不符，而D選項(xiàng)中美、法兩國在自然資源方面的差異文中根本沒有提
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