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rall change control include all of the following except:a. Project plan. B. Change requests. C. Change control system. D. Performance reports21. Activity duration estimate inputs include all of the following except:a. Resource requirements. B. Basis of estimates. C. Activity lists. D. Constraints.22. All of the following are contract types except:a. Unitprice. B. Makeorbuy. C. Cost reimbursable. D. Lump sum.23. Initiation inputs for a project include all of the following except:a. Product description. B. Strategic plan. C. Project charter. D. Selection criteria.24. Responses to risk threats include all of the following except:a. Avoidance. B. Acceptance. C. Mitigation. D. Rejection.25. The process of performance reporting includes all of the following except _____________.A. Status reporting. B. Progress reporting. C. Forecasting. D. Product analysis26. Constrained optimization methods of project selection include:a. Scoring models. B. Benefitcost ratios. C. Multiobjective programming algorithms.D. Subjective analyses.27. Which of the following statements concerning contract type is correct?A. A fixed price contract contains the most risk for the buyer.B. Cost reimbursable contracts offer sellers the highest profit potential.C. Lump sum contracts offer sellers the greatest profit potential.D. Unit price contracts are illegal in many jurisdictions.28. A Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) numbering system should allow project staff to:a. Identify the level at which individual WBS elements are found.B. Identify configuration management milestones.C. Estimate the costs of WBS elements.D. Provide project justification.29. All of the following are true quality statements except:a. Quality improvement depends upon better definition and increased awareness of the requirements/specifications.B. Project quality management must address both management of the project and the product of the project.C. Recognition of key actions required of each team member is necessary to meet quality objectives.D. Computeraided design systems can improve quality, but only at the expense of an increase in the cost of design.30. All of the following are examples of tools often used in cost estimating except:a. Parametric modeling. B. Analogous estimating.C. Bottomup estimating. D. Activity duration estimates. 31. At XYZ Inc., the hourly wage for semiskilled workers is $. The annual audit shows that fringe benefits cost 30% of basic wages, and that overhead costs are 60% of wages plus fringe benefits. What is the loaded” hourly wage for a semiskilled worker at XYZ Inc.?A. $. B. $. C. $. D. $.32. Of the following estimates, which most accurately reflect the actual cost of the project?A. Conceptual estimates. B. Order of magnitude estimates.C. Preliminary estimates. D. Bottomup estimates.33. The most crucial time for project risk assessment is:a. When a problem surfaces. B. During the planning phase.C. During the closeout phase. D. After the project schedule has been published.34. When there is uncertainty associated with one or more aspects of the project, one of the first steps to take is to:a. Revise project plan. B. Conduct a riskbenefit analysis.C. Conduct a needs analysis. D. Increase the estimated cost of the project.35. Including a contingency reserve in the project budget is intended to:a. Reduce the probability of scope changes. B. Increase the probability of scope changes.C. Reduce the probability of a cost overrun. D. Increase the probability of a cost overrun.36. Given the information in the following table, what is the expected value from this risk event?Probability Result a. 10,000. B. 7,500. C. + 2,500. D. 7,000.37. A contractor is working on a fixed price contract that calls for a single, lump sum payment upon satisfactory pletion of the contract. About halfway through the contract, the contractor project manager informs their contract administrator that financial problems are making it difficult for them to pay their employees and subcontractors. The contractor asks for a partial payment for work acplished. Which of the following actions by the buyer is most likely to cause problems for the project?A. Starting partial payments for work acplished.B. Making no payments because it would violate the conditions of the contract.C. Paying for work acplished to date.D. Negotiating a change to the payment conditions in the contract.38. A precise description of a physical item, procedure, or service for implementation of an item or service is called :a. Work package. B. Baseline. C. Product description. D. Work breakdown structure (WBS) element.39. A project should be terminated for all of the following reasons except:a. Lack of team synergy. B. The project no longer meets the pany39。s test matrix is wrong, and she will use a different test matrix, which should give better results. This is a violation to the SOW. You should: a. Use the custom