【正文】
In the 1930s, emphasis on behaviorism moved researchers in the direction of leadership behavior Kurt Lewin trained assistants in behaviors indicative of three leadership styles: Autocratic: tight control of group activities, decisions made by the leader Democratic: group participation, majority rule Laissezfaire: little activity of any type by the leader Leadership Behavior Theory In the 1940s, research focused on leader behaviors Assumed that leaders take distinct actions Ralph Stogdill at Ohio State University Helped develop the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ) Respondents described leaders’ behavior in two dimensions: Initiating structure Showing consideration Leadership Behavior Theory Initiating structure: Behavior aimed at ensuring a structured approach to goal achievement. Meeting deadlines Meeting at scheduled times Making sure everyone works to capacity Role clarity etc Leadership Behavior Theory Showing consideration: Taking action to develop trust, respect, support, and friendship with subordinates. Being helpful Treating all people as equals Willing to make changes Standing behind subordinates Doing things to make group membership pleasant Leadership Behavior Theory Findings of a Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ) study: The democratic style was more beneficial for group