【正文】
子中出現(xiàn) often、 seldom、usually等頻度副詞,表示動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性,而不是動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,所以通常用動(dòng)詞不定式。 I found him ing into the building. =I saw that he was ing into the building. (我看到他正在走進(jìn)大樓。) He died, only leaving debts. (他死了,只留下一身債。) 分詞所作的時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語(yǔ),可以該成各自的狀語(yǔ)從句。 Watching the film, she was moved to tears.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)) =When (While) she was watching the film, she was moved to tears.(當(dāng)她看電影時(shí),她被感動(dòng)得流淚了。) He was too excited to say a word. (他太激動(dòng)以至一句話也說(shuō)不出。) 注意 :in order to, so as to, in an effort to等表示目的,注意 so as to只能放在句尾,而 in order to句尾、句首都可放。但都需要注意句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與不定式、分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)的統(tǒng)一。) 2. 不定式與分詞的區(qū)別: ① 不定式與分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別: The meeting held last week is very important.(過(guò)去分詞 held作定語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作已完成) The meeting being held is very important.(現(xiàn)在分詞[被動(dòng)式]作定語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行) The meeting to be held next week is very important.(不定式[被動(dòng)式] “ to be held”作定語(yǔ),表示未來(lái)將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 My hobby is collecting stamps.(作動(dòng)名詞,也可以說(shuō)成 Collecting stamps is my hobby.) (我的愛(ài)好是集郵。) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的幾組區(qū)別 1. 動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別 ① 作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別: 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),表示它所修飾的人或物正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,可以用定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)改寫;而動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),表示所修飾的名詞和性質(zhì)及用途,不表示動(dòng)作,可以用介詞 “ for”來(lái)替代。 Reading is my hobby. (閱讀是我的愛(ài)好。(這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句首出現(xiàn)時(shí)除外。 Do you mind my closing the door?(作賓語(yǔ)) (你介意我關(guān)門嗎?) Tom’s learning maths well helped him in doing business.(作主語(yǔ)) ( Tom學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)幫助他做好生意。) This kind of washing machine is out of date.(作定語(yǔ)) (這種洗衣機(jī)已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。) Thank you for telling me the truth.(作賓語(yǔ)) (謝謝你告訴我真相。) Seeing is believing.(作表語(yǔ)) (眼見為實(shí)。) ? 注意:動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)也可用形式主語(yǔ) “ it” It’s no good giving him too much money.(給他太多錢沒(méi)有好處。 Swimming is my favourate sport.(作主語(yǔ)) (游泳是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。) Led by the party, we have won great achievements. (在黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,我們?nèi)〉昧司薮蟮某晒?。? I found the window broken. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)窗被打碎了。) The problem discussed yesterday was very important. (昨天討論過(guò)的問(wèn)題很重要。 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式 being done表示正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,而過(guò)去分詞則強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的被動(dòng)狀態(tài)。) We are all tired of such a tiring question. (我們都對(duì)如此一個(gè)乏味的問(wèn)題感到厭倦。) 5. 有一類動(dòng)詞如interest,excite,surprise,please,disappoint,satisfy,tire等,它們的現(xiàn)在分詞往往用來(lái)表示事物的性質(zhì);而它們的過(guò)去分詞則用來(lái)表示人的感受。 Seeing the house on fire, he immediately ran to the phonebox.=When he saw the house on fire, he immediately ran to the phonebox. (當(dāng)他看到房子著火,他馬上跑到電話亭去。) On hearing the good news, she