【正文】
線處半月形或環(huán)形溝,施肥深度不小于 25cm, 肥料與表土混合 ,上面再覆土。該試驗(yàn)采用了單因素重復(fù)試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),共 設(shè) 6 個(gè)不同的施肥處理和 1個(gè)對(duì)照(不施肥, ck)見(jiàn)表 1。 試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) 試驗(yàn)在 玉山縣春源公司油茶實(shí)驗(yàn)基地 2021 年的 4 月開(kāi)始的。 試驗(yàn)中測(cè)定葉綠素含量的油茶葉片,來(lái)自江西省玉山縣春源公司油茶實(shí)驗(yàn)基地,葉片測(cè)定時(shí)間是 2021 年 10 月 9 日。施肥前對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究測(cè)定,土壤中有機(jī)質(zhì)和 N、 P、 K、 Ca 含量較少,所以采用了模式施肥進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究。年平均無(wú)霜期 335 天,年平均日照 1831小時(shí)。25′之間 氣候終年溫和濕潤(rùn),具亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候特征,雨量充沛,日照時(shí)間長(zhǎng),有霜期短,隨著季節(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)換,西風(fēng)帶的進(jìn)退,四季變化明顯。59′和東經(jīng) 117176。 施肥模式對(duì)油茶植株?duì)I養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)的影響研究 2 1材料與方法 試驗(yàn)地概況 試驗(yàn)地位于江西省 東北部, 介于北緯 28176。 近年來(lái)油茶經(jīng)濟(jì)林發(fā)展迅速,而單一的施肥模種類(lèi)和時(shí)間,嚴(yán)重影響了油茶樹(shù)的生長(zhǎng),所以本次試驗(yàn)采取不同的復(fù)合肥和有機(jī)肥對(duì)油茶幼樹(shù)生長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行研究。反之,施肥不當(dāng)會(huì)達(dá)不到應(yīng)有的效果,施肥過(guò)少,植株?duì)I養(yǎng)不足;施用過(guò)量會(huì)造成污染和浪費(fèi),還有可能造成 “肥害 ”,抑制油茶的生長(zhǎng),降低油茶的樹(shù)體指標(biāo)。 雖然油茶在我國(guó)有一定栽培歷史,但其栽培管理措施較為粗放、科技含量不高,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)的有油茶成林林相差、樹(shù)勢(shì)弱、產(chǎn)量低。江西是我國(guó)中部地區(qū)一個(gè)重要的農(nóng)業(yè)省份,具有種植油茶優(yōu)越的自然條件和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件 [8]。從油茶施肥的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益研究可以得出,合理的施肥有利于提高油茶的產(chǎn)投比。為了提高油茶的產(chǎn)量,除了培育出良種油茶外,增強(qiáng)對(duì)現(xiàn)有的低產(chǎn)油茶林 的管理更是至關(guān)重要,其中對(duì)林木的合理施肥是增產(chǎn)的一項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵性措施。它是我國(guó)特有的木本油料樹(shù)種,廣泛種植于全國(guó)包括臺(tái)灣在內(nèi)的 17 個(gè)省 (區(qū) )、 1 100 多個(gè)縣 (市 ),在我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)中起著重要的作用 [3]。 Vegetative growth. impact 施肥模式對(duì)油茶植株?duì)I養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)的影響研究 1 前言 油茶 (Camellia oleifera Abel)又叫油茶樹(shù),主要指山茶科山茶屬植物中油脂含量較高的,并且具有一定栽培經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的一類(lèi)植物的總稱 [1]。 關(guān)鍵詞: 油茶;施肥模式;營(yíng)養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng);影響 施肥模式對(duì)油茶植株?duì)I養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)的影響研究 II Abstract In order to better provide a basis for scientific fertilization in enterprises and farmers, with long series of strains of camellia Lin as subjects, respectively in different fertilization pattern: M0 applied agricultural pound fertilizer (April), the use of special pound fertilizer (April), M1 M2 (two application of pound fertilizer in April and October), M3 (applying special anic fertilizer) in April, the M4 (special pound fertilizer applied in April and October, applying special anic fertilizer) and M5 (special pound fertilizer applied in April and October, applying special pound fertilizer and anic fertilizer) and CK (no fertilizer), research the different types of fertilization model of fiveyear raw oiltea plant growth conditions of two years, including plant height increment, the crown product increment, the ground diameter increment and differential value of leaf blade degrees in 2021. Results showed that applying fertilizer has influence on growth of camellia, six fertilization mode of camellia plant height increment, the crown leaf blades and product increment value has increased significantly, and with the M3 models of fertilization relative to other fertilization of a smaller effect on the growth condition of oiltea use M2 mode fertilizer effect is better than M0 and M1 pattern fertilizer, fertilizer use M5 mode to oleifera crown product increment and the degree of leaf blade value than other patterns fertilizer effect is good, M0 and M2 and M4 for ground diameter of the incremental has improved significantly. Key words: camellia。