土木工程外文翻譯3-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)-文庫(kù)吧資料
2025-05-22 14:00本頁(yè)面
【正文】 90: Testing hardened concrete EN 10080: Steel for the reinforcement of concrete EN 10138: Prestressing steels EN ISO 17760: Permitted welding process for reinforcement ENV 13670: Execution of concrete structures EN 13791: Testing concrete EN ISO 15630 Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete: Test methods Assumptions (1)P In addition to the general assumptions of EN 1990 the following assumptions apply: Structures are designed by appropriately qualified and experienced personnel. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN No reproduction or working permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale `,`,```,`,`,`,` EN 199211:2020 (E) 16 Adequate supervision and quality control is provided in factories, in plants, and on site. Construction is carried out by personnel having the appropriate skill and experience. The construction materials and products are used as specified in this Eurocode or in the relevant material or product specifications. The structure will be adequately maintained. The structure will be used in accordance with the design brief. The requirements for execution and workmanship given in ENV 13670 are plied with. Distinction between principles and application rules (1)P The rules given in EN 1990 apply. Definitions General (1)P The terms and definitions given in EN 1990 apply. Additional terms and definitions used in this Standard Precast structures. Precast structures are characterised by structural 11 elements manufactured elsewhere than in the final position in the structure. In the structure, elements are connected to ensure the required structural integrity. Plain or lightly reinforced concrete members. Structural concrete members having no reinforcement (plain concrete) or less reinforcement than the minimum amounts defined in Section 9. Unbonded and external tendons. Unbonded tendons for posttensioned members having ducts which are permanently ungrouted, and tendons external to the concrete crosssection (which may be encased in concrete after stressing, or have a protective membrane). Prestress. The process of prestressing consists in applying forces to the concrete structure by stressing tendons relative to the concrete member. “Prestress” is used globally to name all the permanent effects of the prestressing process, which prise internal forces in the sections and deformations of the structure. Other means of prestressing are not considered in this standard. Symbols For the purposes of this standard, the following symbols apply. Note: The notation used is based on ISO 3898:1987 Latin upper case letters A Accidental action A Cross sectional area Ac Cross sectional area of concrete Ap Area of a prestressing tendon or tendons Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN No reproduction or working permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale `,`,```,`,`,`,` EN 199211:2020 (E) 17 As Cross sectional area of reinforcement As,min minimum cross sectional area of reinforcement Asw Cross sectional area of shear reinforcement D Diameter of mandrel DEd Fatigue damage factor 12 E Effect of action Ec, Ec(28) Tangent modulus of elasticity of normal weight concrete at a stress of σc = 0 and at 28 days Ec,eff Effective modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecd Design value of modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecm Secant modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec(t) Tangent modulus of elasticity of normal weight concrete at a stress of σc = 0 and at time t
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