土木工程畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯-建筑結構-文庫吧資料
2025-01-27 08:32本頁面
【正文】 axial load, but is also formulated so that it provides a design tool noted for both its effectiveness and simplicity [1]. The theory describes analytically the relationship between loadcarrying capacity and geometric characteristics of a beam by considering the equilibrium conditions at critical crosssections. Compatibility of deformation is satisfied by the plane crosssections remain plane assumption and the longitudinal concrete and steel stresses are evaluated by the material stressstrain characteristics. Transverse stresses and strains are ignored for the purposes of simplicity. The stressstrain characteristics of concrete in pression are considered to be adequately described by the deformational response of concrete specimens such as prisms or cylinders under uniaxial pression and the stress distribution in the pression zone of a crosssection at the ultimate limit state, as proposed by current codes of practice such as CP 110 [1], exhibits a shape similar to that shown in figure 1. The figure indicates that the longitudinal stress increases with the distance from the neutral axis up to a maximum value and then remains constant. Such a shape of stress distribution has been arrived at on the basis of both safety considerations and the widely held view that the stressstrain relationship of concrete in pression consists of both an ascending and a gradually descending portion (seefig. 2). The portion beyond ultimate defines the postultimate stress capacity of 寧波工程學院畢業(yè)設計（論文） 1 the material which, Typical stressstrain relationship for concrete in pression. as indicated in figure 1, is generally considered to make a major contribution to the maximum loadcarrying capacity of the beam. However, a recent analytical investigation of the behaviour of concrete under concentrations of load has indicated that the postultimate strength deformational response of concrete under pressive states of stress has no apparent effect on the overall behaviour of the structural forms investigated ( [2], [3]). If such behaviour is typical for any structure, then the large pressive strains (in excess of ) measured on the top surface of a reinforce
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