【正文】 rchains. The anchored ?lm also improved the forcesdue to its ?exibility and its crosslinking with thefabric. So increasing the dosage of MPTS couldimprove the ability of restoring from deformation,thus enhancing the crease recovery angle. Theremight be another explanation: the capacity of outerforce resistance could be improved by the bendingrigidity which corresponded to the diameter of ?ber.MPTS worked as a bridge which made hydrolyzedTEOS aggregate mutually. The higher the dosage ofMPTS added, the greater the amount of the polymer anchored on the fabric, the thicker the diameter of ?ber. This results in stronger bending rigidity,stronger capacity of outer force resistance and highercrease recovery angle. When the MPTS dosage wasincreased further, the enhancement in the creaserecovery angle was very small. It had likely reached asaturated value. The dosage of mol/L was probably enough to aggregate hydrolyzed TEOS, anchorthe ?lm onto the ?bers and conglutinate the macro0molecular chains of ?bers. Dosage in excess wouldDosage of MPTS/mol/LFig. 1. E?ect of dosages of MPTS on the crease recoveryangles of fabrics treated with concentration of the sol100% and pH of the sol.not make signi?cant e?ect on the crease recoveryangle.Figure 2 showed that the tensile strengthdecreased with increasing dosage of MPTS. ForCrease recovery angle/176。 anticrease ?nishing。Surface Review and Letters, Vol. 16, No. 5 (2009) 715–721c World Scienti?c Publishing CompanySURFACE TREATMENT OF ANTICREASE FINISHEDCOTTON FABRIC BASED ON SOL–GEL TECHNOLOGYCharles Q. Yang,*,? Qingliang He,? and Bojana Voncina?Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Textiles, University of Maribor, Maribor, SloveniaAbstract:The silica sol was applied onto 1, 2, 3, 4butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) ?nished cottonfabrics with the attempt to improve the physical properties especially the tensile strength whichhad a big loss in the previous anticrease ?nishing processing. The parameters including thedosage of the coupling agent, the concentration and pH of the sol and the processing methodswere studied in detail. Compared to the sample ?nished with BTCA, % of the increase inthe crease recovery angle and % of the enhancement in the tensile strength of the cottonfabric also treated with silica sol in the better selected conditions were obtained. The abrasionresistance was also improved. Keywords:Sol–gel。 cotton fabric。 strength loss.1. IntroductionCotton fabrics shrink and wrinkle easily due to theshift and deformation of cellulose macromoleculesafter repeated wet N , N dimethylol4,5dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) had beenthe most widely used crosslinking agent in textile industry to provide cotton fabrics in the anticrease ?nishing owing to the ether linkages formedbetween DMDHEU and the cellulose molecules. Thetime desirable mechanical stability properties weregiven and the potential to release formaldehyde,a known human carcinogen, was also ,3Signi?cant decrement but not avoidance in therelease of formaldehyde could be obtained by etherifying DMDHEU or by continuing to treat the?nished fabric with hydrolyzed glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) Another ?nishing agent, 1, 2, 3, 4butanetetracarboxylic acid(BTCA) catalyzed with sodium hypophosphite(SHP) can provide an alternative possibility forthe formaldehydefree crease resistant –7However, the serious strength loss due to depolymerizations and crosslinkings of the cellulose macromolecules is one reason for its relatively small marketSol–gel technology is a chemical processing basedon hydrolysis and subsequent condensation of metalor semimetal It is conducted at a lowtemperature which also enables the incorporationof organic pounds into the inorganic structure without The sol–gel processhas been recognized as an excellent technologicalapproach for coating textiles to impart new andfrequently multifunctional properties to the samples, such as water and oil repeling, UV radiationprotection, antimicrobial property, selfcleaning andcontrolled release of –20 Applications ofsilicone coating technology can be seen in sleeping bags, paragliding, hotair balloons and highperformance The e?ects of silica sol?Corresponding author.715?716treatment on the properties of the cotton fabric werepreviously reported, and it was found that sol–geltreatment could remarkably increase the abrasionIn this paper, BTCA ?nished cotton fabrics weretreated with silica sol to improve the decreased tensile strength in the anticrease ?nishing. E?ects of theparameters on the crease recovery angle, the tensilestrength and the abrasion resistance were discussedin detail to obtain the better cotton fabric sol treatment conditions.2. Experimental