【正文】 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and 為并列連詞，連接相同的成份。wondered【答案】A 考查分詞的用法。wondering。動詞不定時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。動詞不定時的用法。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是主動關系，且表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時進行，用現(xiàn)在分詞，選A。非謂語動詞做狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語the manager，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞set out之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選B。to kill。killed。scold。blame。have been have been mentioned。were have。correcting been scolded。correcting scolded。disappearing。disappeared。 do。Having finished the homework , I went home.（時間）Being a Party member , I should work hard.（原因）Given more time ,I can do my work better.（條件）He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（伴隨）To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.(目的)He is old enough to join the army.（結果）7．分詞、動名詞和不定式作定語的區(qū)別a running horse 現(xiàn)在分詞 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 過去分詞 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 動名詞 = a stick for walkingsomething to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8．不定式被動式、分詞的被動式和過去分詞的區(qū)別： I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting.(將來)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum.（正在進行）The building pleted three years ago is now in bad conditions.（過去）9．分詞做狀語需要注意的一個問題：分詞與句子主語的邏輯關系Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful.(錯誤)Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful.（正確）Seeing 與the city 不是主謂關系；seen 與city 是動賓關系 練習 of the people _____ to the party were famous invite invited many times, but he still couldn’t understand being told had been told was told told reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the have rested rest next morning she found the man ______ in bed , purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more make to make making not make Olympic Games , _____ in 776 ., did not include women plays until playing be first played played be first playing were brave enough to raise objections at the , now I regret do be doing have done visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay added add a reply , he decided to write receiving not having received not received speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself hear Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied have studied study be studying have been studying Tom should love ________(take)to the theatre this doesn’t have to be made _______(learn).He always works puter centre , ______(open)last year , is very popular among the students in this on _____(do)the other exercise after you have finished this about two of us ______(take)a walk down the ： I II be taken。2）表語與被動式的區(qū)別：The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.（強調(diào)動作）The blackboard is ’d better have it repaired.（強調(diào)狀態(tài)）3）常作表語的過去分詞：amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done3．現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞 現(xiàn)在進行時的區(qū)別The situation in our country is encouraging.(表語)The situation in our country is encouraging the people.(現(xiàn)在進行時)My job is looking after the little baby.(動名詞)能回答howquestion 的是現(xiàn)在分詞，能回答whatquestion 的動名詞，即不能回答howquestion 也不能回答whatquestion 的是現(xiàn)在進行時。When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the ，看到小偷正從銀行偷錢。 secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the ，為主席準備一篇長篇演講稿。6．只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞：admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , plete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ，三． 分詞 The story is ’m interested in ，我對這個故事感興趣。注意以下幾種結構：1．There’s no telling what will happen.=It’s impossible to tell what will happen.= No one can tell what will ．It’s no use talking with ’s no good speaking to them like ．There’s some difficulty(in)doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下單詞替換: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下幾個問題：1．下列動詞后跟不定式與跟動名詞作賓語意義有區(qū)別，forget to do … 忘記要做某事 forget doing… 忘記做了某事 remember to do…記住要做某事 remember doing …記著做了某事 mean to do …有意要做某事 mean doing …意味著做了某事 regret to do … 對要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 對做過去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事 try to do …盡力去做某事 try doing試著做某事 learn to do …學著去做某事 learn doing …學會做某事stop to do …停下來去做（另一件事）stop doing …停止做某事 go on to do …接著做（另外一件事）go on doing … 繼續(xù)做某事 used to do …過去做某事 be used to doing …習慣做某事2．動名詞作定語與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語意義有區(qū)別 動名詞作定語表達n+ for doing 的含義現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表達 n+which(who)be doing的含義 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是動名詞，后者是現(xiàn)在分詞又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3． 動名詞的邏輯主語：動名詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞的所有格形式。I have got used to living in the 。His job is driving a 。下列短語中，如果意義明確，常常省略到to?！痵 necessary for you to study ’s foolish of him to do 連用的形容詞有：good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4．后接不定式作賓語的動詞有：want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect ，而要用it做形式賓語。掌握動詞不定式應注意的幾個問題：1． “to” 是不定式符號還是介詞，下列短語中的to 都是介詞。1．To learn a foreign language is ． His wish is to be a ．Tom wanted to have a cup of ．The teacher told us to do morning ．I have nothing to ．They went to see their ．It’s easy to see their ．I don’t know what to do ．I heard them make a ：1．動詞不定式作主語, ,4．動詞不定式作賓語補足語，5．動詞不定式作定語,6．動詞不定式作目的狀語,7．動詞不定式作真正主語，it 代替動詞不定式，作形式主語。具體來講：分詞在句子中可以做定語、表語、狀語或補足語等；動名詞在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語等；不定式在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語、補足語或狀語。非謂語動詞的特點： 三種非謂語動詞都具有動詞的特征，雖然它們沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但是它們都能帶自己的狀語或有時跟賓語。to be doing（進行式）動名詞doing : 有having done（完成式）。having been do ne（完成被動式）不定式to do : 有to be done（被動式）。當然它們有各自不同的變化形式，如：現(xiàn)在分詞 doing : 有being