【正文】 （注意，此句on his nose不可省略！）。如：With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon./無(wú)事可做，他很快就睡著了。正確句(2)則使用條件分句帶出study的主語(yǔ),(不過(guò)已經(jīng)不是分詞結(jié)構(gòu)了).分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)常省略being,having ‘There being...’：Game(being)over,he went stands there,book(being)in 、without引導(dǎo)，作狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。八、分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致!否則應(yīng)有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。插入語(yǔ)：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。返回感嘆詞：oh,hello,aha,ah,等。返回名詞/代詞賓格 + 名詞The war made him a soldier./+ 形容詞New methods make the job easy./+ 介詞短語(yǔ)I often find him at work./+ 動(dòng)詞不定式The teacher ask the students to close the windows./+ 分詞I saw a cat running across the road./、同位語(yǔ)： 返回同位語(yǔ)是在名詞或代詞之后并列名詞或代詞對(duì)前者加以說(shuō)明的成分，近乎于后置定語(yǔ)。如：Bring it to me,、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：位于賓語(yǔ)之后對(duì)賓語(yǔ)作出說(shuō)明的成分。如：Give me a cup of tea,：動(dòng)詞 + 直接賓語(yǔ) + to + 間接賓語(yǔ)。間接賓語(yǔ)一般位于直接賓語(yǔ)之前。（目的狀語(yǔ)）To make his dream e true,Tom bees very interested in business./為實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想,：Come this way!/走這條路！（方向狀語(yǔ)）狀語(yǔ)從句：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句目的狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句四、直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)： 返回特殊的同源賓語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象: fight a fight , dream a dream , ，如：give給，pass遞，bring帶，show顯示。（原因狀語(yǔ)）Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./（因?yàn)椋┦芰梭@嚇，他無(wú)聲地坐在那兒。（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母親面前,湯姆總是一個(gè)男孩子.(條件狀語(yǔ))On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里沒(méi)有學(xué)生.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)：He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那兒要一支筆。（程度狀語(yǔ)）The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩現(xiàn)在需要一支鋼筆。（程度狀語(yǔ)）The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母親買的那支鋼筆。有時(shí)狀語(yǔ)在句中的某個(gè)位置會(huì)引起歧義，應(yīng)注意，如：The boy calls the girl in the ‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘（此時(shí)in the classroom為girl的定語(yǔ)），也可以理解為‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’（此時(shí)in the classroom為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)），最好寫作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.39。三、狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，說(shuō)明方式、因果、條件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方向、程度、目的等。The boy you will know is Tom./你將認(rèn)識(shí)的男孩叫湯姆。There are five boys left./有五個(gè)留下的男孩。分詞（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)：The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那個(gè)微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買的鋼筆。The boy to write this letter is Tom./將要寫這封信的男孩是湯姆。The best boy here is Tom./這里最棒的男孩是Tom。There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./這鉛筆盒里只有一支圓珠筆。名詞作定語(yǔ)：The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圓珠筆。The boy in blue is Tom./穿蘭色衣服的孩子是湯姆。There are two boys of Toms there./那兒有Tom家的兩個(gè)男孩。s pen./他的男孩需要Tom的鋼筆。There are two boys in the room./房間里有兩個(gè)男孩。數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于形容詞：Two boys need two pens./兩個(gè)男孩需要兩支鋼筆。Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是個(gè)英俊的男孩。副詞用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)須放在名詞之后。返回定語(yǔ)通常位于被修飾的成分前。）/前一個(gè)there無(wú)實(shí)意，后一個(gè)there為副詞‘那里’。這里的there沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，不可與副詞‘there那里’混淆。當(dāng)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞不是be，而其后是名詞和代詞時(shí)，多表達(dá)‘轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?，注意與動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的區(qū)別。表語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、等。聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞（Link verb)：be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are,was,were,have been)；其他聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞如：bee成為，turn變成,go變。注意名詞單數(shù)形式常和冠詞不分家！謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成，是英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)變化的主角，一般在主語(yǔ)之后。第五篇：句子成分一、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)句基本結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)：可以作主語(yǔ)的成分有名詞（如boy），主格代詞（如you），動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞等。My parents both are 。這兩個(gè)句子成分多由名詞（代詞）擔(dān)任，同位語(yǔ)通常皆放在其說(shuō)明的名詞（代詞）之后。My question is how you knew 。My work is teaching English,我的工作是教英語(yǔ)。s 。We are happy 。These desks are 。表語(yǔ)一般放在系動(dòng)詞之后。We made him copy the is made to copy the felt my hands At the meeting we elected him think your brother a clever What you said made Xiao Wang found the classroom emptyplease call the students back at was seen to take his cap We hear him singing in the found him lying in bed, He saw his face reflected in the heard it spoken of in the next 表語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，身份，特征和狀態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（to do）Father will not allow us to play on the 。（me做主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)= It39。 saw her with them, at least, I thought it was ，至少，至少我認(rèn)為是她。主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)它用在系動(dòng)詞后，是句子的一個(gè)基本成分。最常見的是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take 英語(yǔ)中補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的作用對(duì)象是主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，具有鮮明的定語(yǔ)性描寫或限制性功能，在句法上是不可或缺的。I e specially to see 。He is playing under the the tree是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等A、副詞一般在句子中做狀語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)的功用：狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。Our country is a developing 。There are more than twenty trees in our。The TV set made in that factory is very 。如果定語(yǔ)是單個(gè)詞，定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞的前面，如果是詞組，定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞的后面。We found the little girl in the 。We all call him 。please give the letter to 。My father bought me a 。有些及物動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)多指人，另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)指物，指人的賓語(yǔ)叫做間接賓語(yǔ)，指物的賓語(yǔ)叫做直接賓語(yǔ)，可以帶兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有 bring,give,show,send,pass,tell等。He said he could be 。I saw a cat in the 。例如：You look the are all weather gets wamer, and the days get quite and listen to looked have to be up early in the Bill in?School Is ’s go pen is in my feel * fell tried all the seemed rather tired last ，不宜分割；有關(guān)動(dòng)詞的種類這方面知識(shí)在課本中已有介紹，此處不多說(shuō)了。不論何種時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，語(yǔ)氣，凡由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞（或動(dòng)詞詞組）構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)都是簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)。哪些詞可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)1,名詞例如： A mooncake is a delicious, round first truck is carrying a few temperature will stay above doctor looked over very does not want to copy the USA’s ,代詞例如： It’s a young don’t know if it will ’s a bit ’d better buy a new ’m afraid we haven’t got any black ,數(shù)詞例如：One and two is is not enough for want one of them is one of the bags fell off the will be ,不定式（常以 It’s do ）例如： To give is better than to receive =Its better to found it difficult to get to ’s glad to see you was difficult to it’s good to swim in ,IT 作主語(yǔ)，有如下情況：1）指代剛剛提到的事物：What’s this ? It’s a bus.（指代what）2）指代一個(gè)你不知道或判斷不清性別的人：Who’s knocking the door? It’s me.（指代 who）Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister.（指代 who）3）表示時(shí)間，天氣，距離：What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock.（時(shí)間）What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rai