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。因此要在這一類俗語翻譯中取得高分,則一定要靠平時多積累。例2 他們應(yīng)該從這件事情中吸取教訓(xùn):玩火者必自焚。這里的“好漢”指的是頂天立地的男子漢,因此翻譯成“a true man”最為妥當(dāng)。沒有去過長城的人并不意味著不是“好人”。例1 許多外國游客都想要去長城一游,他們知道不到長城非好漢?!庇捎谟⒄Z和漢語是兩種不同的語言,在結(jié)構(gòu)上有很大的差異,真正意義上的對等詞少而又少,所以做漢譯英時,往往要擺脫原句結(jié)構(gòu)的束縛,用符合英語習(xí)慣的句式來表達(dá)漢語的意思,不能字字對譯。首先要理解這兩個詞組的意義,“引人入勝”的意義實際上是“非常地吸引人”,要局門路趙維用到“attractive”這個詞。例3這部有關(guān)第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的歷史小說引人入勝,我簡直愛不釋手。(without)(2000年上海高考)全句譯為:As we all know, success es from hard work。(or)(2003年上海高考)全句譯為:Please make up your mind/make your decision as early as possible, or you’ll miss the good/golden chance/“坐失良機”就是“失去好機會”的意思,千萬不能翻譯成“sit to lose the chance”, 這樣的直譯會讓不少人感到莫名其妙。下面通過具體實例,進一步體會以下意譯的妙處。如“胸有成竹”不能直譯成“heart has bamboos”, 它是“很有自信”的意思,因此可以用“confident”來翻譯。(determine)全句譯為: I used to be shy, but this year I’m determined to bee active and make some friends to share my happiness and sadness/joys and :used to do(過去常常做某事), be determined to do(下定決心做某事), make friends(交朋友)和happiness and sadness/joys and sorrows(快樂和悲傷)。如果考生掌握了這兩個短語的話,寫出翻譯句子便是水到渠成了。(keep)(1999年上海高考)全句譯為:Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping(on)reading books from morning till night.。高考的短語,十有八九考的是動詞短語。 done的用法 is saidreportedknown that...此外,在翻譯從句時要注意:1)時態(tài)語態(tài)主從一致; 2)從句中要用陳述句語序。但是,根據(jù)英語的習(xí)慣,該句賓語從句應(yīng)否定在主句。(necessarily)全句譯為: I don’t think cheap articles are necessarily bad in ,是個雙重否定。以疑問代詞或副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句往往是考題中的難點。不管翻譯何種定語從句時都要注意:1)定語從句緊跟在先行詞后;2)先行詞不能重復(fù)在從句中出現(xiàn);3)選擇正確的關(guān)系代詞和副詞。(remind)(2000年上海高考)全句譯為: The picture reminds me of the days that were spent in the summer “在夏令營里度過的日子”是一句定語從句。我們可以根據(jù)中文進行判斷:限制性定語從句,中文中有“的”結(jié)構(gòu);而非限制性定語從句,則有“這指的是、這意味著”等總結(jié)上文的詞出現(xiàn)。而整個句子又是為“It is/was?that?”的強調(diào)句式。再如:正是你的幫助使得我們有可能在旅游的季節(jié)住到一個中國人的家里。(it?)(2002年上海春季)全句譯為:It is the duty of every citizen to protect our ,真正的主語是to protect our environment。以下是考題中的一些難點,也往往是學(xué)生最容易犯錯的地方。7.——————————: To be honest, I know nothing about be honest, to tell(you)the truth說實話, to be frank坦白地說, to be exact確切地說, to begin with首先, to make a long story short長話短說, to be sure當(dāng)然、肯定, to sum up總之 practice(如果時間允許)(If time permits)(作業(yè))導(dǎo)與練P92942011年高考真題英語單項選擇—非謂語分類匯編(全部)注:全國卷I、全國卷II、北京、上海、山東、湖北、江西、江蘇、安徽、浙江、福建、四川、遼寧、天津、陜西、重慶、湖南(17省市卷,廣東卷沒有單項選擇)1.(2011全國卷I) next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the rise 2.(2011全國卷II) island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go join joined3.(2011全國卷II)18.Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the B: said say 4.(2011北京卷)’s important for the figures _________ be updated have been updated update have updated5.(2011北京卷) down, will only make yourself more tired, ________ on your keep kept have kept6.(2011上海卷)’s no use ____________ without taking plained be plained 7.(2011上海卷) rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the be saved saved8.(2011上海卷) one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle I changed my mind, ____ that he could do nothing to realize realized9.(2011上海卷) we have chat rooms, text messaging, ing… but we seem _____ the art of municating be losing be lost lost10.(2011山東卷) over there—t