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/ 是的,她沒(méi)參加。/ 不是。這種省略回答的yes要譯成“不”,no要譯成“是”。例 Let the boy go first, will you? 讓那男孩先走,好嗎?Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚飯后,我們?nèi)ド⒉?,好嗎?六、反意疑?wèn)句的回答對(duì)反意疑問(wèn)句的回答,無(wú)論問(wèn)題的提法如何,如果事實(shí)是肯定的,就用yes,事實(shí)是否定的,就要用no。例 Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 請(qǐng)不要在會(huì)議室抽煙,好嗎?3.變異祈使句,即句首為一呼語(yǔ),后接第二人稱代詞引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的陳述句,這時(shí),我們應(yīng)視為無(wú)主語(yǔ)的祈使句結(jié)構(gòu),反意疑問(wèn)句部分要用will you構(gòu)成。1.祈使句的肯定形式,其反意問(wèn)句表示“請(qǐng)求”時(shí),通常用will you;表示“邀請(qǐng)、勸說(shuō)”時(shí),用won’t you。例 Mary thinks you will e to the party, doesn’t she? 瑪麗認(rèn)為你將來(lái)參加晚會(huì),是嗎?,反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用it。例 This is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn’t it? 這是他第二次去日本,是嗎?,如果陳述句部分是“I think(believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)+ 賓語(yǔ)從句”,反意疑問(wèn)句部分應(yīng)與賓語(yǔ)從句的主謂保持一致,并要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移。例 What a foolish child(he is), isn’t he? 多傻的孩子啊,不是嗎?三、并列分句結(jié)構(gòu)中反意疑問(wèn)句的運(yùn)用當(dāng)陳述句是由并列連接詞and, but, or, for, so等連接的兩個(gè)并列分句組成時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句部分一般與最接近的分句保持一致,也就是說(shuō),對(duì)后一分句進(jìn)行反問(wèn)。例 I wish to go to the moon by spaceship some day, may I? 我希望總有一天能乘宇宙飛船去月球。例 He must be good at maths, isn’t he? 他數(shù)學(xué)一定學(xué)得很好,是嗎?(4)當(dāng)must用來(lái)表示對(duì)過(guò)去的情況進(jìn)行“推測(cè)”(must + have done)時(shí),如強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)(一般句中有過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)),反意疑問(wèn)句部分要用“didn’t + 主語(yǔ)”;如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成(一般沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)),反意疑問(wèn)句部分要用“haven’t / hasn’t + 主語(yǔ)”。例 You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? 你不能把車停在這地方,知道嗎?(2)must表示“有必要”時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句部分要用needn’t。例 It’s impossible for him to make such a mistake, isn’t it? 他不可能犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤,是嗎?當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought to時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句部分要用ought / should(oughtn’t / shouldn’t);如陳述部分為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞used to,反意疑問(wèn)部分可用 used或did;如陳述部分為had better,反意疑問(wèn)部分用hadn’t或shouldn’t。例 We have to start early, don’t we? 我們必須早點(diǎn)出發(fā),是嗎?當(dāng)陳述部分有hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句部分要用肯定形式。(1)have作“有”解時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句部分可用have(not)或do(not)的相應(yīng)形式。例 Nobody came when I was out, did they? 我在外時(shí),沒(méi)人來(lái)過(guò),是嗎?Everything has gone wrong today, hasn’t it? 今天什么都出問(wèn)題了,是不是?當(dāng)陳述部分是“there be + 主語(yǔ) + 其它”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分要用“be(not)+ there”結(jié)構(gòu)。例 That isn’t a useful book, is it? 那不是一本有用的書(shū),是嗎?These are important reading materials, aren’t they? 這些都是重要的閱讀材料,是嗎?當(dāng)陳述句部分是I am…時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句部分通常要用aren’t I;如陳述句部分的主語(yǔ)是I am not時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句部分通常要用am I。例 You have been to Beijing, haven’t you? 你去過(guò)北京,是嗎?二、簡(jiǎn)單句式結(jié)構(gòu)中反意疑問(wèn)句的運(yùn)用反意疑問(wèn)句運(yùn)用于簡(jiǎn)單句式結(jié)構(gòu)中時(shí),我們應(yīng)注意掌握以下幾個(gè)方面當(dāng)陳述句部分的主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)必須用人稱代詞來(lái)代替。完成后一部分簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)句時(shí),要根據(jù)前面陳述句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和人稱來(lái)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦?dòng)詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn),前后兩部分的人稱和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要保持一致。I wish to go home now, ate nothing this morning, __? ’t she she she ’t she ’s hardly___ milk in the bottle, _____there? , isn’t , is , isn’t , is has never ridden a horse before, ___? he he ’t he ’t he 4.— He seldom came here, _____? — Yes ’t he he ’t he he seems all right, _____ ? it ’t they ’t it ’t it can’t be too modest, can _____ ? one failed in the exam, _____ ? he one they ’t he you nor I am a artist, _____ ? I ’t we we ’t I can’t be her father, _____ he? ’t ’t have no time to visit the museum, _____? they ’t they ’t they they’d better go at once, _____ you? ’t ’t ’t ’d rather work than play, _____ you? ’t ’t ’t ’t dare not do that, _____ you? ’t ’t dislikes the two subjects, _____ he? ’t ’t tools are useless now, _____ ? they ’t they it ’t used to get up at 6:30, _____ he? ’t he he he ’t he ought to win the first prize, _______ he? ’t ’t ’t B and ’s go there by bus, ___? you we ’t you you us go to play football, _? you we we we ’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water,_? you we ’t you you26.— Let’s go shopping this afternoon,___? — All we we ’t we we 27.— Pass me the dictionary, __? —Yes, with you you ’t you ’t you is little water in the glass, __? ’t there ’t it it there won’t be any concert this Saturday evening, __? there not there there ’t33.— I guess she taught herself Japanese, ______? — ’t I she I ’t she don’t believe you are right, _____ ? you you ’t you doesn’t think that Tom sings best in the class, _____ ? she ’t she he ’t he know you didn’t want to hurt me, _____ ? you ’t you I ’t I my father were here he would be very happy, ___? ’t he he ’t he heKey: 1—5 CDBDD 6—10 BACDC 11—15 AABAB 16—20 CCBBA 21—25CDBAA 26—30 BBBAD 31—35 BBDAA 36—38 AAC第三篇:反義疑問(wèn)句反意疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)法一、反意疑問(wèn)句的意義及其構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句又叫附加疑問(wèn)句,是指當(dāng)提問(wèn)的人對(duì)前面所敘述的事實(shí)不敢肯定,而需要向?qū)Ψ郊右宰C實(shí)時(shí)所提出的問(wèn)句。You39。d like to +39。t +主語(yǔ)。?21.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是each of...結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句在強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)用they,當(dāng)作個(gè)別時(shí)用he。當(dāng)must后面接的是完成時(shí)是,反意疑問(wèn)句部分的動(dòng)詞可用haven’t 也可didn’t(一般句中有明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用didn’t):You mustn’t smoke here,?, or, for, but 等引起的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分與鄰近分句保持一致。t或needn39。t。