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s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers thisnation has never seen, by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the firsttime in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different, that theirvoices could be that ;是等了三四個(gè)小時(shí)的選民所給出的答案。參考文獻(xiàn):[1]:外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版 社,2005.[2]劉世生,:北京大學(xué)出版 社,2006.[3]:外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出 版社,2006.[4]王佐良,:外語(yǔ)教學(xué) 與研究出版社,1987.[5]:高等教育出版社,2005.[6]:清華大學(xué)出版社,北京交 通大學(xué)出版社,2005.○ 文學(xué)語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究第五篇:奧巴馬競(jìng)選獲勝演講txt,你哭著,周圍的人笑著;你逝去的時(shí)候,你笑著,而周圍的人在哭!喜歡某些人需要一小時(shí),愛(ài)上某些人只需要一天,而忘記一個(gè)人得用一生奧巴馬競(jìng)選獲勝演講Obama:奧巴馬:Hello, ,我來(lái)了!If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things arepossible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who stillquestions the power of our democracy, tonight is your ,還有人懷疑美國(guó)奠基者的夢(mèng)想在我們所處的時(shí)代是否依然鮮活,還有人質(zhì)疑我們的民主制度的力量,那么今晚,這些問(wèn)題都有了答案。而源自亞特蘭大傳教士的那句“We Shall Overe”(我們將勝利或我們將打破種族障礙)指的是美國(guó)黑 人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)(19551968)時(shí)一首主要歌曲的名字,作為第 一位美國(guó)黑人總統(tǒng)的奧巴馬引用起來(lái)得心應(yīng)手而又再合 適不過(guò)。這說(shuō)明了奧巴馬作為總統(tǒng)不會(huì)只關(guān)注本國(guó)的發(fā)展,更要關(guān)心整個(gè)世界的格局。這三件事都與 黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)有關(guān)且是建立在美國(guó)開國(guó)元?jiǎng)椎睦硐肜砟?之下的,所以?shī)W巴馬在演講中重提這些事件,非常符合他 所提出的政治口號(hào);“A man touched down on the moon,a wall came down in Berlin,a world was connected by our own science and imagination.”(一個(gè)人踏上了月球,一座墻在 柏林轟然倒塌,一個(gè)世界由我們的科學(xué)和想象聯(lián)結(jié)在一 起)則指的是美國(guó)人尼爾而后金發(fā)表《我有 一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》的著名演說(shuō)。金在伯明翰城領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一場(chǎng)為黑人爭(zhēng) 取工作,并反對(duì)禁止黑人在“白人餐館”就餐的斗爭(zhēng)?!安骱驳乃堫^” 指1963年,馬丁如 “When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world”(當(dāng)炸彈落在我們的海港,當(dāng) 暴行威脅整個(gè)世界)分別指的是“日本偷襲美國(guó)珍珠港” 和“德國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)二戰(zhàn)”;“the buses in Montgomery,the hoses in Birmingham,a bridge in Selma”(蒙哥馬利的公共汽車,伯 明翰的水龍頭,塞爾瑪?shù)臉颍┲傅姆謩e是黑人為爭(zhēng)取權(quán)利 的三個(gè)事件。尼克松第一種是間接引用,即用典(allusion),指的是提及神話中或歷史上著名的人或事件而使聽(tīng)眾產(chǎn) 生聯(lián)想。 quotation)也是演講常用修辭手法。);還有“the rock of our family”(我家庭的基石)用來(lái)指 自己的妻子在家庭生活中的重要作用。奧巴馬演講中的暗喻 例句 有 “The road ahead will be climb will be steep.”(前方的路依舊很長(zhǎng)。金的《我有一個(gè) 夢(mèng)想》 中更是俯拾皆是。(metaphor)雖不是演講最常用修辭之一,但也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在演講中,尤其是在馬丁又如“to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids;to restore prosperity and promote the causeof peace”(使我們的人民重新回到工作崗位,為我們的兒童提供更多的機(jī)會(huì),恢復(fù)我們國(guó)家的繁榮昌盛,穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)和平事業(yè))。(alliteration),即相鄰或不相鄰的一組詞開頭字母的重復(fù),也是演講常用修辭之一。結(jié)構(gòu)的重復(fù)與排比很相似,學(xué)生容易混淆。這是我們的時(shí)代);還有“every decision or policy I make as President”(我作為總統(tǒng)所做的每一個(gè)決定和決策)。只不過(guò)修辭里指的重復(fù)更狹窄或更具體一些,一般分為兩種:同義詞重復(fù)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)重復(fù)。(repetition)在漢語(yǔ)的修辭手法里是不單列出來(lái)的。對(duì)于那些追求和平與安全的人,我們支持你們。該手法通過(guò)將對(duì)比明顯的兩個(gè)事物或事件并置而達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)差異的目的,對(duì)比的兩方在意思上是相反的,但在形式是相似的。排比的運(yùn)用使奧巴馬的演講語(yǔ)言更豐富,結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊,說(shuō)理更有力度。她是我過(guò)去十六年中最好的朋友,我家庭的基石,我一生的至愛(ài),她就是我們國(guó)家的下一位第一夫人,米歇爾在奧 巴馬的演講中不乏成功的排比句。排比即將三個(gè)或三個(gè) 以上結(jié)構(gòu)一致或相似的詞、詞組或句子并置在一起。法弗 洛,當(dāng)然奧巴馬也會(huì)參與意見(jiàn))在某些文體方面已不再固守傳統(tǒng),如開始使用“It’s”,“that’s”,“She’s”等縮略形式,不再使用諸如“my fellow citizens”,“my friends”等約定俗 成的呼語(yǔ),但是在修辭方面卻絲毫沒(méi)有懈怠,使用了很多 為其演講增色的修辭手法,下面筆者逐一加以探討。這些使用修辭的經(jīng)典詞句給人們留下了難以磨滅 的印記,被很多人熟記并稍加修改后運(yùn)用到自己的寫作 中去。金的《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》中反復(fù)使用的諸如“Now is the time”,“I have a dream”,“One hundred years later”,“With this faith”,“Let freedom ring”等重復(fù)手法;美國(guó)副總統(tǒng)戈 爾演講中的頭韻:“We should not demean our democracy with the politics of distraction,denial,and despair.”(我們不 可用消解、拒絕和絕望的托辭貶屈我們的民主);美國(guó)民 權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人耶西);美國(guó)黑人領(lǐng)袖馬丁關(guān)鍵詞:奧巴馬演講 修辭分析大量使用修辭是英文演講的一個(gè)主要文體特點(diǎn),歷史上無(wú)數(shù)的演講名篇無(wú)不以修辭取勝,給人留下深刻的 印象。愿上帝保佑美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)。我們將用一句話來(lái)做出回應(yīng):不,我們可以!Thank bless may God bless the United States of 。that while we breathe, we where we are met with cynicism and doubts and those who tell us that we can39。to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace。因此,今夜,讓我們反問(wèn)一下我們自己,如果我們的孩子能夠活到下個(gè)世紀(jì);如果我的女兒能夠幸運(yùn)地活得像安尼克森庫(kù)珀那樣長(zhǎng),他們將會(huì)看到什么樣的變化?我們那時(shí)將會(huì)取得什么樣的進(jìn)步?This is our chance to answer that is our ,這是我們的時(shí)代。我們已經(jīng)看到這么多。America, we have e so have seen so there is so much more to tonight, let us ask ourselvesif our children should live to see the next century。And this year, in this election, she touched her finger to a screen, and cast her vote, because after 106 years in America, through the best of times and the darkest of hours, she knows how America can ,在這次選舉中,她把她的手指放到屏幕上,投下她的選票,因?yàn)?06年后的美國(guó),經(jīng)歷了最好的時(shí)光與最難的歲月,她知道怎樣可以改變美國(guó)。She was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, and a preacher from Atlanta who told a people that “We Shall Overe.” Yes we ,她去伯明翰面對(duì)水龍頭,她去塞爾瑪占橋??她聽(tīng)來(lái)自亞特蘭大的牧師告訴大家:“我們能打破種族障礙”,是我們能夠做到。When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was we ,獨(dú)裁者威脅世界的時(shí)候,她親眼見(jiàn)證了一代人的崛起和民主得以挽救。When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs, a new sense of mon we ,衰退發(fā)生時(shí),她看到了這個(gè)國(guó)家是如何以新政,新工作,和全新的共同目標(biāo)來(lái)戰(zhàn)勝恐懼的。s voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the we ,婦女的聲音被壓制,他們的希望被駁回,可她活著看到他們站起來(lái),發(fā)出自己的聲音,并且投下自己的票。t, and the people who pressed on with that American creed: Yes we ,我想她看透了一個(gè)世紀(jì)的美國(guó)——頭疼與希望;掙扎與發(fā)展,多少次我們被告知我們不能,可美國(guó)人的自信卻回答:是我們能夠做到。the struggle and the progress。And tonight, I think about all that she39。t vote for two reasonsbecause she was a woman and because of the color of her ,一個(gè)道路上沒(méi)有汽車和天空中沒(méi)有飛機(jī)的時(shí)代。a time when there were no cars on the road or planes in the sky。她就像數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的在這次大選中排隊(duì)發(fā)出自己聲音的人一樣,除了一件事:安尼克松庫(kù)珀,106歲了。s a lot like the millions of others who stood in line to make their voice heard in this election except for one thing: Ann Nixon Cooper is 106 years ,許多故事,將會(huì)代代相傳。s on my mind tonight39。我們已經(jīng)取得了給了我們將來(lái)能夠而且必須實(shí)現(xiàn)的的希望。ve already achieved gives us hope for what we can and must achieve :美國(guó)會(huì)發(fā)生變化。That39。對(duì)于所有那些疑惑美國(guó)的燈塔是否還會(huì)繼續(xù)明亮燃燒的人,今夜我們將再次證明,我們國(guó)家的力量并不是來(lái)源來(lái)我們的胳膊的臂力,也不是來(lái)源于我們的財(cái)富,而是源自于我們理念的持久力量。s beacon still burns as bright: Tonight we proved once more that the true strength of our nation es not from the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity and unyielding ,我們將打敗你。And to all those watching tonight from beyond our shores, from parliaments and palaces, to those who are huddled around radios in the forgotten corners of the world, our stories are singular, but our destiny is shared, and a new dawn of American leadership is at ,從國(guó)會(huì)到王宮、到在被世界遺忘的角落擺弄收音機(jī)、關(guān)注美國(guó)今夜的人們,我們的故事并非只有一個(gè),但我們的命運(yùn)是共同的,美國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人新的曙光即將來(lái)臨。我們決不能成為