20xx對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)國際貿(mào)易專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)(參考版)
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【正文】 s contracting party and to agree on the contents of the contract and its general and specific , any freedom of contract is necessarily controlled by some fundamentals principles of the applicable national law which determine how contractual rights e into being and the effect on contractual undertaking of fraud, misleading statements, duress,coercion, mistake or other invalidating should also be observed that it may be impossible to obtain enforcement of some contracts and that the modalities of enforcement may differ in different one cannot expect enforcement of contracts which are illegal in the jurisdiction concerned or which may have such an object that redress to enforcement authorities is is true for most illegal contracts as one cannot very well expect organs of the state to extend a helpful hand to those who have engaged in prohibited of undesirable same reluctance may well apply to contracts which are not illegal but merely of such a nature that the contracting parties should have to arrange their affairs without the assistance of the authorities, contract or games for modern merce, it would normally be impracticable to let the contracting parties individually negotiate each and every contract , they would in most cases use readymade texts appearing in different standard forms or is also possible to use puterized texts available for different types of so, it is only theoretically possible to base contract interpretation on the actual will and intention of the contracting parties standardised text have to be interpreted objectively and reference to contractual intent represents no more than a lipservice to the traditional paradigm of deriving the contents of contract solely from the will of the standard to be used is to assess how a reasonable person would understand the text rather than to examine how the actual contracting parties understood it, if they even thought about it at standardised texts originate from different some cases they are unilaterally prepared by one of the contracting parties and, in other cases,they are elaborated under the auspices of various trade organisations usually only representing one of the parties in a particular type of contractual , trade organisations representing both parties in the contractual relationship may also have agreed on a standardised text, which is then usually called an agreed organisations,such as the International Chamber of Commerce, Promote the elaboration of standard texts and principles which could be incorporated into mercial contracts by reference, In some cases, such standardised texts and principles could attain the status of international usage of trade and, if so, they could be deemed to govern the contracting relationship even in the absence of express Igogo, by ICC。 of regulation is to substitute administrative judgment for marketplace effect, an economic environment of legal rules and regulations is used as a surrogate for the free market,and economic decisions are made by a political above description portrays regulation as a political process, substituting asministrative judgement for marketplace description identifies the important interaction between regulation and the market and raised an important issue：when, if at all, should marketplace judgment be replaced with as ministrative judgement？Various answers to this question have been primary importance is the market being market require different amounts and types of The Regulation of Insurance Arrangements in the European Monetary SystemBilateral exchange rates within the European Monetary System have never been literally fixed； rather, they have fluctuated within specified limits called August 1993 the margins for most bilateral exchange rates have been +_15 percent,although they were narrower before participating currency is also assigned a central exchange rate against the European Union a currency39。s clear, though , is the banks know they are running out of time to get their Internet billing act Business Week/July 19,1999 of RegulationThe following quotation describes the scope of regulation and how it affects individuals and businesses participating in a market and transactions are in practice regulated by some kind of government laws or regulations , and without regulations of any kind,most markets and types of transactions would cease to laws, the terms of many types of agreement and transaction between individuals would be unenforce
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