【正文】 s important cultural heritage, coruscate gives new more high quality tourism services, more beautiful environment to meet the arrival of you!第三篇：北京長(zhǎng)城英文導(dǎo)游詞The Great Wall, like the pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1)in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provincesLiaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansuand two autonomous regionsNingxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 the reign of King Cheng of the States of construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain , then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such in 221 ., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty(13681644)when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi province as the dividing west part is a rammed earth construction, about meters high on the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to Wall of those sections is meters high and meters wide at its base, narrowing to meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop are ramparts, embrasures, peepholes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rainwater off the parapet watchtowers are built at approximately 400meters top stories of the watchtower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison highest watchtower at Badaling standing on a hilltop, is reached only after a steep climb, like “climbing a ladder to heaven”.The view from the top is rewarding, Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant signal system formerly existed that served to municate military information to the dynastic consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern stand 14 major passes(Guan, in Chinese)at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of as “Tian Xia Di YI Guan”(The First pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty.(16441911)Jiayuguan pass was not so much as the “Strategic pass Under the Heaven” as an important munication center in Chinese between the snowcapped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty(206 ), crossed it on his journey to the western , silk flowed to the west through this pass gatetower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall meters high and 730 meters in has two gates, an eastern one and a western each gate sits a tower facing each four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for , a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15kilometer long ravine flanked by cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the CrossingStreet Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(12061368).At the bottom of the terrace is a halfoctagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese gate jambs bear a multilingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western , they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the V