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Therestand14majorpasses(Guan,inChinese)atplacesofstrategicimportancealongtheGreatWall,about50kilometersnorthwestofBeijing.
Knownas”TianXiaDiYIGuan”(TheFirstPassUnderHeaven),therefore,leadingtothefoundationoftheQingDynasty.(16441911)
JiayuguanPasswasnotsomuchasthe”StrategicpassUndertheHeaven”,thefirstenvoyofEmperorWuDioftheWesternHandynasty(),oneforeach.
Juyongguan,agatewaytoancientBeijingfromInnerMongolia,whichwascalledtheCrossingStreetDagoba,sinceitsnarrowarchspannedthemainstreetofthepassandonthetopoftheterracethereusedtobethreestonedagobas,builtintheYuanDaynasty(1206136
8).Atthebottomoftheterraceisahalfoctagonalarchgateway,interestingforitswealthofdetail:,withseveralstonespiecedtogether,carvedsome600yearsagoinSanskrit(3),Tibetan,Mongolian,Uigur(4),theyarevaluabletothestudyofBuddhismandancientlanguages.
Asaculturalheritage,
enicechartersays:”Historicalandculturalarchitecturenotonlyincludestheindividualarchitecturalworks,butalsotheurbanorruralenvironmentthatwitnessedcertaincivilizations,significantsocialdevelopmentsorhistoricalevents.”TheGreatWallisthelargestofsuchhistoricalandculturalarchitecture,theWallwaslistedbyUNESCOasaworldculturalheritagesite.
15 。????225。?μ????D?168。177。??
176。 Above ten thousand people, five smoke fiveartillery. On through this way, in the border pass military situationcan the rapid transmission palace wall imperial palace.
Said three, under on said next two walls. The Great Wall flank tallwall is called 牒 the wall, has the crenel is uses for to defend theenemy. But the inside insufficient meter high is called the daughterwall, also is called the space wall. In most starts the Great Wallinside is does not have the daughter wall, but frequently some peoplecan fall down the cliff, therefore has constructed this wall. Each notfar has a small drainage in the Great Wall lower part of wall place,rainy day time by spits the tap to outside to drain water, in order toavoid the water washes out the city wall. But inside Great Wall’s walluses the stone block to cast, outside builds the brick, again spreadsout the flagstone in above, thus causes the building to be extremelyreliable!
篇二：英文導(dǎo)游詞：長城的歷史及居庸關(guān)、八達嶺長城
題簽十六：長城的歷史及居庸關(guān)、八達嶺長城
The Great Wall, symbolizing China’s ancient civilization, is one of the most famous and grand construction wonders in the world. The building of the Great Wall first began in the seventh century BC. The first section of wall was built by the Qi Kingdom and the Chu Kingdom. In Chinese history, there are three climaxes of building the Great Wall. They were in the Qin, Han and Ming dynasties.
The sections of the wall began to be called the Great Wall in the time of Qin Shihuang. In order to ward off harassment by the Huns and for the use of further defensive projects, many sections were linked up and expanded and finally it was extended into a Great Wall. The total length of the Great Wall was over 5,000 kilometers long, so in Chinese, we call it “Wan Li Chang Cheng. ” The Qin Great Wall started from Lintao, Gansu Province in the west and ended in Liaodong, Liaoning Province in the east.
The second climax of building the Great Wall was in Han Dynasty. In order to ward off the Huns as well as to protect the Silk Road, the Great Wall in Han Dynasty extended towards the west for another 5,000 kilometers long to the Lop Nur Lake in today’s Xinjiang . The Han Great wall started from the Liaodong Peninsula in the east and ended at the foot of the Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, with a total length of 10,000 kilometers.
The last largescale project on the Great Wall was carried out in the Ming Dynasty. In order to ward off the harassment of the remaining forces of the Yuan and the newly raised ethnic tribe of “Nu Zhen”, the Great wall had been built. The total length of the Ming Great Wall was more than 7,000 kilometers from Yalu River in Liaoning Province in the east, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Pro