【正文】 因此，本題題干使用不定式和動(dòng)名詞時(shí)的意思分別是：動(dòng)詞不定式：在我離開辦公室之前，我記得要鎖。為了更清晰地讓學(xué)生記住此辨析，在翻譯時(shí)可用“要”字表示不定式，用“了/過”字表示動(dòng)名詞。安徽高考)I remembered ________ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.A．locking B．to lockC．having locked D．to have locked 【解析】　形式上來看，這道題在考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法辨析。by doing通過某種方式，correct與make為并列關(guān)系，同為by的賓語，故選D。【答案】　C2．(2012根據(jù)needs為第三人稱單數(shù)形式可知此處need為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，故其后不能直接跟動(dòng)詞原形，排除B項(xiàng)；后一個(gè)句子的主語more work與do之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除D項(xiàng)。湖南高考)We39。t help to finish the work because I was so busy.I couldn39。t help to do... 不能幫助做……can39。t stay here any more.He regretted buying these books from the bookstore.try to do... 努力、企圖做……try doing... 試著做……He tried to settle the problem, but he failed.He tried using another way to settle the problem, if this way can39。(具體動(dòng)作)(2)意義不同下列動(dòng)詞接不定式或動(dòng)詞的173。I like swimming in the river during the summer 。但當(dāng)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或比較抽象的意義時(shí)，多用動(dòng)詞的173。(1)意義不變有些動(dòng)詞，如like，begin，start等，后面接不定式和接動(dòng)詞的173。有些動(dòng)詞后面可跟兩種形式時(shí)，意義相同，但大多數(shù)情況下，意義不同。ing形式作賓語與不定式的區(qū)別有些動(dòng)詞后既可以接不定式也可以接動(dòng)詞的173。Do you mind my closing the window?我關(guān)上窗戶行嗎？He was looking forward to working with the new Prime 。避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。ing形式作賓語這類動(dòng)詞(詞組)有：admit(承認(rèn))，appreciate(欣賞)，avoid(避免)，consider(考慮)，delay(延遲)，deny(否認(rèn))，enjoy(享受，喜愛)，escape(逃避)，finish(完成)，imagine(想象)，resist(忍住)，keep(繼續(xù))，mind(介意)，miss(錯(cuò)過)，practice(練習(xí))，risk(冒險(xiǎn))，suggest(建議)，lead to(導(dǎo)致)，set about(開始，著手)，get down to(開始，著手)，give up(放棄)，feel like(想要)等。She will attempt to beat the world 。主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請求幫一幫。ing形式與不定式作賓語1．有些動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語這類動(dòng)詞有：agree(同意)，decline(拒絕)，refuse(拒絕)，offer(提出)，promise(答應(yīng))，choose(選擇)，decide(決定)，attempt(試圖)，intend(企圖)，manage(設(shè)法)，fail(失敗)，ask(要求)，hope(希望)，want(想要)，expect(期望)，wish(希望)，tend(傾向于)，desire(希望)，seek(尋求)，claim(聲稱)，plan(計(jì)劃)，prepare(準(zhǔn)備)，learn(學(xué)會(huì))，mean(意圖)，pretend(假裝)，afford(承擔(dān)得起)，appear顯得)，demand(要求)，happen(碰巧)，hate(憎恨)，hesitate(猶豫，不情愿)，prefer(寧愿)。Having been given such a good book, the little boy was very ，小男孩非常高興。t help ，湯姆禁不住哭起來?！敬鸢浮俊?done　having been done　 having done/not having been done一、現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式指分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，如果分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主語之間是主謂關(guān)系，則用主動(dòng)形式，即：having done；如果是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則用被動(dòng)形式，即：having been done。ing形式的完成式在句中作狀語，表示時(shí)間、原因、讓步等。ing形式所表示的動(dòng)作與主語之間是主謂關(guān)系，則用__________；若是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則用__________。ing形式的完成式指分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。①When he reached the final line, everyone burst out laughing.②I was twelve and, having lost all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school.③He started losing friends.④Having left something in the cloakroom, I went inside to get it, and found Roy going through the pockets of people39。【答案】　B觀察下列從Reading中選取的句子，體會(huì)動(dòng)詞173。——向他說聲對不起，他會(huì)原諒你的。t have shouted at feel terrible.—Just tell him you are sorry. He39。I will never ________________ what you have done to me.②經(jīng)過爭論之后，男孩們決定互相原諒不記前仇。He begged (her) for (她)原諒。It39。forgive for 原諒(某人)做了(某件錯(cuò)事)forgive sb. forgive and forget 過去的事情就算了，既往不咎 forgiveness n．寬??；寬仁之心forgive me 請?jiān)彛?對不起I39。He is not a man who forgives easily.他不是一個(gè)肯輕易寬恕人的人。In the end, the two brothers ______________with each other.【答案】?、賗n the long term?、趇n terms of　③came to terms5．forgive vt. 原諒，寬恕，饒恕I couldn39。Being strict with the children will do great good to them______________.②在英語中，就詞義而言，這兩個(gè)詞是不同的。We hope to make great profit in the long term.我們希望長期獲利。 He39。be on bad terms with in the long/short term從長遠(yuǎn)/短期來看in terms of談及；就……而言；在……方面e to terms with ；與某人和好In term of money, he39。連當(dāng)?shù)氐木祢T著自行車經(jīng)過時(shí)，我們都會(huì)向他敬禮。I have____________ him since we parted.③他們和我保持密切聯(lián)系。完成句子①顯然，他不知道自己業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的最新革新。get in touch with sb. 和某人保持聯(lián)系 (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)lose touch with (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)be/stay in touch with sb. 與某人保持聯(lián)系(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))be out of touch with (強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)) bring...in/into touch with使接觸，使認(rèn)識I regret deeply that I have lost touch with four or five 。【答案】　D3．keep in touch (with) 和……保持聯(lián)系(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))Even when the two girls went to different colleges at the age of 18，they kept in touch through and still stayed best friends. (P33)甚至當(dāng)這兩個(gè)女孩在18歲去了不同的大學(xué)時(shí)，她們還通過電子郵件保持聯(lián)系，仍然是最好的朋友。t given you enough help.【答案】　①M(fèi)uch to my regret?、趙ith regret　③regret not listening?、躵egret to say單項(xiàng)填空⑤—Robert is indeed a wise man.—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ________ his advice!A．to take　　　　　　　　B．takingC．not to take D．not taking【解析】　后句句意：哦，是的。She never looks back to the old days ____________.③我后悔沒有聽她的勸告I ________________ her advice.④很抱歉，我不能給你更多的幫助。完成句子①很抱歉，我現(xiàn)在得走了。s regret很抱歉的是……Much to my regret, I am unable to accept your ，我不能接受你的邀請。I regret to say that I am unable to help you.很抱歉，我愛莫能助。________________________________________________________________________【答案】?、軹hey gave me a week to make up my mind.⑥The advantages make up for the disadvantages.2．regret v. 后悔　n. 抱歉；遺憾Liao Mei really regrets these quarrels. (P33)廖梅對這些爭吵感到后悔。t like to see women making_up in public.________________________________________________________________________③Six women and nineteen men made_up the mittee.________________________________________________________________________④He asked us each to make_up a dialogue.________________________________________________________________________【答案】　①和解?、诨瘖y打扮　③組成；構(gòu)成　④編造翻譯句子⑤他們允許我有一周的時(shí)間作決定。I tried to make up for my 。Leave this notice hanging on your door, asking the servant to make up your ， 請服務(wù)員把你的房間整理一下。s mind下決心，決定It39。t you two make up?你們兩個(gè)為什么不和好呢？He and his wife usually make up their quarrel the same 。1．make up和好；和解They have quarreled seriously three times but each time they have made up and bee best friends again. (P33)她們有三次吵得很厲害，但每次她們都言歸于好又成了最好的朋友。?布置作業(yè)。讓學(xué)生掌握本單元語法知識。?讓學(xué)生完成“當(dāng)堂雙基達(dá)標(biāo)”(見學(xué)案第41頁)。?　　自我評估(見學(xué)案第42頁)。?讓學(xué)生針對各自不同的意見展開討論，然后老師給出詳細(xì)正確答案?！窠虒W(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì)老師檢查上堂課所布置的作業(yè)，檢查學(xué)生對學(xué)案預(yù)習(xí)的情況。讓學(xué)生正確理解和掌握分詞的用法非常重要，所以應(yīng)給學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)語境，讓學(xué)生理解該語法的應(yīng)用，而不要讓學(xué)生死記硬背語法條文，應(yīng)從理解的基礎(chǔ)上去運(yùn)用這些語法。(3)通過對語法的教學(xué)讓學(xué)生能夠理解并能夠運(yùn)用這些語法知識，能夠準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞的ing形式的完成式?！裾n標(biāo)解讀(1)熟記學(xué)案中所列出的單詞和短語。We need your help ________ for urgent medical research.【答案】?、?raise the injured arm?、輙o raise money指出raise在下列句子中的含義⑥We raised money for the flood vict