【正文】 2023/3/52023/3/5March 5, 2023 1一個人即使已登上頂峰，也仍要自強(qiáng)不息。 2023年 3月 5日星期日 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/5 1最具挑戰(zhàn)性的挑戰(zhàn)莫過于提升自我。勝人者有力，自勝者強(qiáng)。 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/5Mar235Mar23 1越是無能的人，越喜歡挑剔別人的錯兒。 2023/3/52023/3/5Sunday, March 5, 2023 閱讀一切好書如同和過去最杰出的人談話。 2023/3/52023/3/5March 5, 2023 1空山新雨后，天氣晚來秋。 2023年 3月 5日星期日 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/5 1楚塞三湘接，荊門九派通。 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/5Sunday, March 5, 2023 1不知香積寺，數(shù)里入云峰。 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/53/5/2023 5:06:04 PM 1成功就是日復(fù)一日那一點點小小努力的積累。 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/52023/3/5 沒有失敗，只有暫時停止成功！。 2023年 3月 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/53/5/2023 1行動出成果，工作出財富。 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/52023/3/53/5/2023 1他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。 2023/3/52023/3/52023/3/5Mar235Mar23 1故人江海別，幾度隔山川。 2023/3/52023/3/5Sunday, March 5, 2023 雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。 1995 Corel Corp. 171 Goods Versus Services ?Can be resold ?Can be inventoried ?Some aspects of quality measurable ?Selling is distinct from production ?Reselling unusual ?Difficult to inventory ?Quality difficult to measure ?Selling is part of service Goods Service 172 Goods Versus Services Continued ?Product is transportable ?Site of facility important for cost ?Often easy to automate ?Revenue generated primarily from tangible product ?Provider, not product is transportable ?Site of facility important for customer contact ?Often difficult to automate ?Revenue generated primarily from intangible service. Goods Service 173 Key Differences ? Customer contact ? Uniformity of input ? Labor content ? Uniformity of output ? Measurement of productivity ? Quality assurance These differences are beginning to fade in many cases 174 Goods Contain Services / Services Contain Goods 0 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 Automobile Computer Installed Carpeting Fastfood Meal Restaurant Meal Auto Repair Hospital Care Advertising Agency Investment Management Consulting Service Counseling Percent of Product that is a Good Percent of Product that is a Service 175 Steel production Automobile fabrication House building Road construction Dressmaking Farming Auto Repair Appliance repair Maid Service Manual car wash Teaching Lawn mowing Low service content High goods content High service content Low goods content Increasing goods content Increasing service content Goodsservice continuum 176 Changing Challenges for the Operations Manager P a s t C a u s e s F u t u r e L o c a l o r n a ti o n a l fo c u s Low c o s t, r e l i a b l e w o r l d w i d e c o m m u n i c a ti o n a n d tr a n s p o r ta ti o n n e tw o r k s G l o b a l F o c u s B a tc h (l a r g e ) s h i p m e n ts C o s t o f c a p i ta l p u ts p r e s s u r e o n r e d u c i n g i n v e s tm e n t i n i n v e n to r y J u s t in ti m e s h i p m e n ts Low b i d p u r c h a s i n g Q u a l i ty e m p h a s i s r e q u i r e s th a t s u p p l i e r s b e e n g a g e d i n p r o d u c t i m p r o v e m e n t S u p p l y c h a i n p a r tn e r s L e n g th y p r o d u c t d e v e l o p m e n t S h o r te r l i fe c y c l e s , r a p i d i n te r n a ti o n a l c o m m u n i c a ti o n , c o m p u te r a i d e d d e s i g n , a n d i n te r n a ti o n a l c o l l a b o r a ti o n R a p i d p r o d u c t d e v e l o p m e n t, a l l i a n c e s , c o l l a b o r a ti v e d e s i g n s 177 Changing Challenges for the Operations Manager P a s t C a u s e s F u tu re S ta n d a rd iz e d p ro d u c ts A ff lu e n c e a n d w o rl d w id e m a rk e ts 。, Motel 6, Hilton Hotels, Walt Disney Paramount Pictures Public Administration ., State of Alabama, Cook County 166 Organizations in Each Sector Manufacturing Sector Example % of all Jobs General General Electric, Ford, . Steel, Intel Construction Bechtel, McDermott Agriculture King Ranch Mining Homestake Mining 167 Organizations in Each Sector Summary Sector % of all Jobs Service % Manufacturing % 168 1850 75 1900 25 50 75 2023 40 50 60 70 1970 75 80 85 90 95 2023 Percent United States Canada France Italy Britain Japan W Germany 1970 2023 Services Industry Farming 250 200 150 100 50 0 80 %70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 . Employment, % Share Services as a Percent of GDP . Exports of Services In Billions of Dollars Year 2023 data is estimated Development of the Service Economy 169 Characteristics of Goods ? Tangible product ? Consistent product definition ? Production usually separate from consumption ? Can be inventoried ? Low customer interaction 169。 died 1993 ? Engineer physicist ? Credited with teaching Japan quality control methods in postWW2 ? Used statistics to analyze process ? His methods involve workers in decisions 157 Contributions From ?Human factors ?Industrial engineering ?Management science ?Biological science ?Physical sciences ?Information science 158 Significant Events in OM ?Division of labor (Smith, 1776) ?Standardized parts (Whitney, 1800) ?Scientific management (Taylor, 1881) ?Coordinated assembly line (Ford 1913) ?Gantt charts (Gantt, 1916) ?Motion study (the Gilbreths, 1922) ?Quality control (Shewhart, 1924) 159 Significant Events Continued ?CPM/PERT (Dupont, 1957) ? MRP (O