【正文】 四月 21四月 21Monday, April 05, 2023? 閱讀 一切好 書 如同和 過 去最杰出的人 談話 。 2023/4/5 3:17:3603:17:3605 April 2023? 1空山新雨后，天氣晚來秋。 。 四月 21四月 2103:17:3603:17:36April 05, 2023? 1意志 堅 強(qiáng) 的人能把世界放在手中像泥 塊 一 樣 任意揉捏。 四月 2103:17:3603:17Apr2105Apr21? 1世 間 成事，不求其 絕對圓滿 ，留一份不足，可得無限完美。 四月 21四月 21Monday, April 05, 2023? 很多事情努力了未必有 結(jié) 果，但是不努力卻什么改 變 也沒有。 2023/4/5 3:17:3603:17:3605 April 2023? 1做前，能 夠環(huán)視 四周；做 時 ，你只能或者最好沿著以腳 為 起點(diǎn)的射 線 向前。 。 四月 21四月 2103:17:3603:17:36April 05, 2023? 1他 鄉(xiāng) 生白 發(fā) ，舊國 見 青山。 四月 2103:17:3603:17Apr2105Apr21? 1故人江海 別 ，幾度隔山川。 四月 21四月 21Monday, April 05, 2023? 雨中黃葉 樹 ，燈下白 頭 人。 Respond to Request for Quotations (RFQ’s) by the specified date167。 Reduce prices through productivity improvements167。 Meet target prices167。 IR’s = Ining Rejected parts shipped into the using plantEvaluate Suppliers (Current Proposed)95v Commercial: Supplier’s cost petitiveness and responsiveness. 167。 TGW= Things gone wrong167。 Measures of quality:167。 Actions89Objectivesv To get pany cross function’s consensusv Systematic methodv To build a long term strategic partnershipv Sublimation of strategic intentv Synthetic bination of APQP and manufacture site assessment 90Process Form Commodity Strategy Team Determine Short Term Long Term Requirements Evaluate Suppliers (Current Proposed) Commercial Quality Delivery Technology Identify Preferred Suppliers Source, Resource Consistent with Commodity Strategy Review Revise Annually Buyer Leader Leader STA Engineer Design Engineer Plant Representative Other9192Evaluate Suppliers (Current Proposed)? Provide a tool for supplier classification and selection? Identify areas for improvement? Convey Ford expectations to the suppliers93v TechnologySupplier’s technological leadership in the modity they provide. Includes the supplier’s use of high tech manufacturing processes, and their design, research and development capability.Evaluate Suppliers (Current Proposed)94v Quality167。 Objectives216。 homogeneous products.Market Competition76Competitive ScaleMonopoly Oligopoly DifferentiatedCompetition PerfectCompetition5% 70% 25% Imperfect Competition70% of the transactions fall under markets characterized by imperfect petition.77Market Intelligence? What is the market petition, . pure, monopoly, imperfect?? What market activity is happening? consolidation, deregulation, new technology, etc.? What is the current market size?? What is the market growth rate?? What segments exist in this market?? What share in these market segments do you hold?78Supplier Intelligence? Company Ownership? Company Size: number of employees, plants? Growth Rate? Major Competitors? Competitive Edge: price, quality, design?? Major customers, percentage of pany revenue? Management Philosophy? Raw material cost as % of Cost of Goods Sold? Source for raw materials: make vs. buy? Quality Systems, quality certifications, quality rate: PPM ? Delivery Performance: % on time delivery? Technical Partnership, Product Development experience ? Number of sales and PD staff, enough to meet customer’s needs?? Capacity management79Competitive Advantage Matrix? Does the buyer or the seller have the advantage in the market? 80Supply PositioningSupply positioning allows you to segment the total spend and establish different objectives for each segment.Supply positioning is based on two elements:1. Relative value purchase value as a percentage of total spend in the modity category2. Risk of Exposure or level of petition number of suppliers in the market, quality level81Supply Positioning Strategic SecuritySecure SupplyStrategic CriticalContingency PlanningTactical AcquisitionStreamline The ProcessTactical ProfitDrive for Profit Risk or ExposureHighLowHighLow Relative Value82Supplier PreferenceWhile supply position is the buyer’s assessment of the vendor’s importance, supplier preference is how the supplier sees the buying side. How important is this customer to the pany’s overall business?1. Relative value: the customer’s purchase value as a percentage of vendor’s total sales account2. Level of Attraction: profitability, ease and frequency of munication, patibility83Supplier Preference DEVELOPMENT CORENUISANCE EXPLOITABLERelative ValueLevel of Attraction HighLowLow High84Tactical Synthesisv Tactical Synthesis integrates the two perspectives of Supply Positioning and Supplier Preference to e up with purchasing strategies.v Elements of consideration:? Contract Type/Duration: shortterm vs. long term? Transaction Management? Inventory Holdings? Relationship Type? Bid Process: Single Bid, Open Bid? Risk Level? Action85Tactical Synthesis8687161315 4101312 1411220 5687917181988216。 Differentiated Competition: many sellers producing differentiated products within the same market.167。 Monopoly: ? One seller controls the entire supply of a particular modity.167。產(chǎn)能利用率的指標(biāo)。率、性能效率以及良品率。 Manufacturing Flow and Lean Manufacturing Metrics* 生產(chǎn)流程精益生產(chǎn)衡量生產(chǎn)流程精益生產(chǎn)衡量252。 Testing, Engineering Specifications 測試測試 ,工程規(guī)格工程規(guī)格252。 Gage Calibration and Use 量具量具 校正及運(yùn)用校正及運(yùn)用252。 Control Plans/Operator Instructions管控計劃管控計劃 /操作說明操作說明252。 Subsupplier Quality Management 二階供應(yīng)商品質(zhì)管理二階供應(yīng)商品質(zhì)管理252。 Employee Readiness / Training Review 員工準(zhǔn)備情況員工準(zhǔn)備情況 /培訓(xùn)審核培訓(xùn)審核252。 PreProduction Part Approval Processes (PPAPs) 生產(chǎn)前零件部批準(zhǔn)程序生產(chǎn)前零件部批準(zhǔn)程序 （（ PPAPs））252。 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEAs) 失效模式和效果分析失效模式和效果分析252。 QS9000 252。Premier Automotive Group1. Opening Remarks Exercise2. Ford’s Global Purchasing Overview