第三章-公海與國際海底區(qū)域(參考版)
2024-08-16 20:09本頁面
【正文】 duration. Its fourteenth session was held in Kingston in May/June 2022. The International Sea Bed Area ? The Authority operates by contracting with private and public corporations and other entities authorizing them to explore, and eventually exploit, specified areas on the deep seabed for mineral resources. The Convention also established a body called the Enterprise which is to serve as the Authority?s own mining operator, but no concrete steps have been taken to bring this into being. 。 title to the deep sea bed area could be gained by occupation through use. a continuation of the regime of the continental shelf by defining the continental shelf in terms of the ability to exploit its resources。 (d) any State where the transmissions can be received。 (b) the State of registry of the installation。 ? freedom of fishing。 ? freedom to lay submarine cables and pipelines。CHAPTER THREE High Seas and International Seabed Area 公海與國際海底區(qū)域 High Seas and International Seabed Area High Seas A International Seabed B Section A: High Seas Definition I The Legal Status II Freedom of the high seas III Jurisdiction IV High Seas ? ： ? Traditionally, the high seas were defined as “all parts of the sea not included in the territorial sea or in the internal waters of a state?. ? With the advent of the EEZ and of the concept of archipelagic waters, this definition has now to be modified. Article 86 of the Law of the Sea Convention states that the highseas rules in the Convention apply to: all parts of the sea that is not included in the exclusive economic zone, in the territorial sea or in the internal waters of a state, or in the archipelagic waters of an archipelagic State. High Seas International Waters High Seas ? II. The legal status of the high seas ? The high seas are open to all States, whether coastal or landlocked. and no State may validly purport to subject any part of them to its sovereignty. This rule of customary law is a cornerstone of international law. Freedom of the high seas is exercised under the conditions laid down by this Convention and by other rules of international law. It prises, inter alia, both for coastal and landlocked States High Seas ? From the rule that no State can subject areas of the high seas to their sovereignty, or indeed to their jurisdiction, it follows that no State has the right to prevent ships of other States from using the high seas for any ?lawful purpose?. A second corollary of the status of the high seas is that apart from a few special cases, mostly created by treaty, no State has jurisdiction over foreign ships on the high seas. High Seas ? III. Freedom of the high seas ? Precisely because States cannot in principle control foreign shipping on the high seas, so that users of the seas remain at liberty to do as the please apart from a few restrictive rules, and because new ocean technology is constantly developing, the freedoms of the high seas cannot be exhaustively listed. ? freedoms of navigation。 ? freedom of overflight。 ? freedom to construct artificial islands and other installations p
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