【正文】 由于我的學(xué)術(shù)水平有限，所寫論文難免有不足之處，懇請各位老師和學(xué)友批評和指正！參考文獻(xiàn) 《高層民用建筑設(shè)計防火規(guī)范 GB 50045－95（ 2022 版） 》 《建筑設(shè)計防火規(guī)范 GB 50016－2022》 《火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計規(guī)范 GB 501162022》 《民用建筑電氣設(shè)計規(guī)范 JGJ162022》 《電氣消防》 《高層建筑消防設(shè)計手冊》 《建筑防火工程》 《消防系統(tǒng)安裝工程便攜手冊》 《消防系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與工程實踐》 《建筑消防給水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計施工監(jiān)理》華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）301 《現(xiàn)代高層建筑防火設(shè)計與施工》1 《給水排水設(shè)計手冊》1 《高層建筑給水排水設(shè)計手冊》1 《自動噴水滅火系統(tǒng)設(shè)計手冊》1 《汽車庫、修車庫、停車場設(shè)計防火規(guī)范 GB 50067－97》附 錄中英文翻譯For people over 75, the picture is one of a potentially dangerous environment (. bar radiators, open fires, high fire load) given the frailty and restricted mobility of the occupants, and/or potentially dangerous actions such as lighting cigarettes or leaving burning cigarettes in ashtrays, and inability to respond quickly in an emergency. Two situations were very unusual (a blind person walking into flames and an 87 year old being caught in flames on opening a cupboard). Of people 65}75 years, two with blood alcohol readings of and g/100 ml 華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）31started the re (one lighting matches and one falling over a radiator in a room with a high re load) and three inebriated men responded in a way that increased the danger to themselves: 70 years, g/100 ml, sat and continued drinking after being shown fire and told to leave 66 years, tried to fight fire (explosion),extinguisher had no propellant 66 years, g/100 ml, entered room of fire origin to get object of personal value. Returning to consider the whole sample, most of the victims who moved at all were attempting to escape and were overe by smoke. Only two actually exited the dwelling (one returned).Movement speed is likely to have been affected by the intake of carbon monoxide and other gases prior to noticing the fire as well as by the other conditions present. In just over 75% of cases the victims were dead when located by firefighters (. were not hospitalized). Three quarters of those asleep and half of those awake did not move from the room in which they were originally located. This suggests that people asleep succumbed to the products of fire without waking or woke too late to take effective action. (An account from a survivor rescued unconscious from his room paints the likely scenario for the latter: woken by yells, was uncertain what to do, got a lungful of smoke and woke up in hospital.) The people awake who remained in the room where the fire started were three children playing with matches, two people in a gas explosion, three elderly people with restricted mobility 華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）32and a 29 year old with an extensive psychiatric history, an alcohol reading of g/100 ml and therapeutic levels of medication for depression. All nine were engaged in actions that brought them into direct contact with flames. Against the author’s expectations, no differences are discernible in relation either to being asleep or to cue reception and recognition for those with alcohol readings over with others in the 1875 year age group. The effect of alcohol on waking behaviour is presumably hidden because the group is being pared with other high risk groups whose response is similar. The effect of alcohol on waking response needs to be demonstrated through experimental evidence.There is considerable danger in retrospectively judging actions taken in response to awareness of fire when the viewpoint of the victim is absent (consider the misuse of panic as an explanation for behaviour in fire, particularly for nonsuccessful actions) but the data suggest that alcohol may impair judgement regarding appropriate seeing flames and being warned by outsiders. A cate action .Four inebriated people delayed their escape by attending to other taskscollecting items of personal value. (2), drinking, and fighting the fire. Focusing attention on an intermediate goal rather than on self preservation increases danger .The only other instances where escape was consciously delayed involve altruistic behaviour in family units where people were helping others and three 華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）33victims over 70 years who attempted to fight the fire, action that was inappropriate given their physical state and the fire conditions. (Fighting fires is an unusual response in these fires because of the stage of fire development at the time of discovery.) As it is not so unmon for people to take action which endangers their lives further, but which they remain unaware of even after the incident, the interrupting of evacuation may not be so unusual. If th。本文引用了數(shù)位學(xué)者的研究文獻(xiàn)，如果沒有各位學(xué)者的研究成果的幫助和啟發(fā)，我將很難完成本篇論文的寫作。另外，在校圖書館查找資料的時候，圖書館的老師也給我提供了很多方面的支持與幫助。致 謝歷時三個月的時間終于將這篇論文寫完，在論文的寫作過程中遇到了無數(shù)的困難和障礙，都在同學(xué)和老師的幫助下度過了。3 號樓梯間選用 GXF9B 軸流風(fēng)機(jī)，轉(zhuǎn)速 720r/min，功率 ，送風(fēng)量 21611~27572 m179。2 號樓梯間前室選用 GXF7D 軸流風(fēng)機(jī)，轉(zhuǎn)速 1450r/min，功率 22Kw，送風(fēng)量 19072~25104 m179。2 號樓梯間選用 GXF7D 軸流風(fēng)機(jī)，轉(zhuǎn)速 1450r/min，功率 22Kw，送風(fēng)量 19072~25104 m179。所以加壓風(fēng)機(jī)選型：華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）281 號樓梯間選用 GXF7D 軸流風(fēng)機(jī)，轉(zhuǎn)速 1450r/min，功率 22Kw，送風(fēng)量 19072~25104 m179。/h。/h，合用前室的送風(fēng)量為 m179。取 ? v風(fēng)道風(fēng)速1 號樓梯間 de= v=2 號樓梯間 de= v=2 號樓梯間前室 de= v=3 號樓梯間 de= v= 全壓計算P=P0+Ph+Pf1 號樓梯間 P=50++=2 號樓梯間 P=50++=2 號樓梯間前室 P=25++=3 號樓梯間 P=50++= 風(fēng)機(jī)選型按照風(fēng)機(jī)計算的風(fēng)量和全壓，查閱資料選擇風(fēng)機(jī)如下：已知 1 號樓梯間加壓送風(fēng)量為 25000m179。取 ? v風(fēng)口風(fēng)速，取 7msPh=2 號樓梯間取地下一層為最不利點Ph=2 號樓梯間前室取地下一層為最不利點Ph=華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）273 號樓梯間取二層為最不利點Ph=2）沿程阻力計算 2felvpd??? 沿程阻力系數(shù)，取 ? 最不利風(fēng)口距風(fēng)機(jī)的距離，ml 風(fēng)道的當(dāng)量直徑， 。 阻力計算1）局部阻力計算1 號樓梯間取地下一層為最不利點 2hvp??? 局部阻力系數(shù)。/h 系統(tǒng)管道計算1）采用金屬風(fēng)道，V 應(yīng)小于 20m/s，則風(fēng)道面積：1 號樓梯間25000/(360020)=㎡，取 600mm600mm；2 號樓梯間16000/(360020)=㎡，取 500mm500mm；2 號樓梯間前室華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）26(360020)=㎡，取 500mm600mm；3 號樓梯間25000/(360020)=㎡，取 600mm600mm。/h根據(jù)規(guī)范只對防煙樓梯間加壓送風(fēng)時，系統(tǒng)負(fù)擔(dān)層數(shù)不超過 20 層時，加壓送風(fēng)量為 25000~30000 m179。3）3 號樓梯間L=A△P1/n3600=4501/23600=179。/h根據(jù)規(guī)范，取 m179。/h，根據(jù)規(guī)范，取風(fēng)量為 16000 m179。/h華北水利水電學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）25門