【正文】 s traditional courtyard of monly used gimmick gardening shrink landscape methodShrink landscape method is to point to in a garden in a particular landscape or in accordance with the reduced proportion in the garden scenery in. Chinese traditional garden is often to really mountain true water as gardening factors, body mass is bigger. The Japanese garden is in line with d, flP is beauty principle, between heart to buildThe beautiful scene. Japanese la t catch the nature in all kinds of views, the typical characteristics, extract the clipping, zen and the philosophy of life will again and again in a small yard now, with limited area, made the infinite space. the abstract methodJapanese characteristic withered landscape using the technique of abstraction, with rock group simulation of Buddha, use the white sand make it different grain said different forms of water, the high performance of philosophy. The scale of the withered landscape garden than a private garden, one of the scale and temple garden much smaller, but in a small area of the garden by freehand brushwork in traditional Chinese painting, symbol of tactics, made thousands of rock WanHe momentum. Abstract method still behave in Japanese garden on the processing of water, such as parallel bending of the symbol of sand grain water flow, the ring to the shape of the sand grain said the water flowed, and was truly enjoyable 。麥克哈格著．設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合自然[M]．芮經(jīng)維譯．北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，1992[23] 周武忠．尋求伊旬園——中西古典園林藝術(shù)比較[M]．南京：東南大學(xué)出版社[24] 李允穌．1984．華夏意匠一中國古典建筑設(shè)計(jì)原理分析[M]．廣角鏡出版社[25] 劉敦楨．蘇州古典園林[M]．中國建筑工業(yè)出版社．2006[26] 張曉燕，李寶豐．淺析廊在傳統(tǒng)園林中的作用[J]．北京林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，2008(第32卷第16期)[27] 肖藍(lán)，路嘉．居住空間環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)一居住小區(qū)的外部空間設(shè)計(jì)理念與工程實(shí)踐分析[J]．建筑學(xué)報(bào)． 1998，1l[28] 王華．居住社區(qū)中的“鄰里交往”與“空間環(huán)境”分析[J]．建筑知識(shí)．2004，3[29] 趙秀恒，謝振宇．景觀與建筑的融合—景觀建筑學(xué)的發(fā)展與實(shí)踐[J]．時(shí)代建筑．2002，1[30] 陳滄杰，汪曉敏．水與綠的靈動(dòng)——南京文化名園住區(qū)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)思[J]．城市規(guī)劃．2005，4[31] 王戈，朱建平．用白話寫就的傳統(tǒng)：萬科第五園[J]．建筑創(chuàng)作．2005，10翻譯部分The inspiration of the technique in the Japanesegarden to environment design of the modern residential districtPatricia DukAbstract：Puts forward problem in outdoor environment design of contemporary residential district,from the conjunction point between the features of the traditional Japannese garden and the aim of outdoor environment design of contemporary residential district，discuss the characteristicof the traditional Japanese garden and methods of gardenmaking．summarize the methods of gardenmaking in the traditional Japanese garden’s inspiration on outdoor environment design of contemporary residential district，to lay the foundation for creating the better district environment．Key words：garden，methods of Santenmaking，environment design，residential district1 contemporary district environment design problemsThe purpose of the contemporary district environment design from people desire to and natural close, and through the outdoor environment get more with the natural exchanges and contacts. But the Chinese munity environmental design has many disadvantages. The main performance in the some aspects. showing landscape is overmuch, functional landscape too littlePlot environment is different from the building interior environment, different groups of munication and leisure is the use of space environment, but also people relax,outdoor recreation. Contemporary district environment design often in order to pursue the plane effect of heavy and plicated expression and highgrade luxurious landscape visual effect and little practical consideration to design the functional sex of the content, to bring people it will only be mixed and disorderly feeling of, not fortable space to enjoy. For example from the European style of architecture style to socalled European garden, some wonderful design can really bring some exotic feeling, but if in the village when outdoors environment design exaggerated the style, it would be very difficult to meet the real needs of people, pound in form lots of utilization rate is low, the space of the slick. the outdoor environment of the small scale space design of the oversightThe current many buildings are with luxuriant entrance landscape, center garden landscape as selling points, but ignore the district of small scale landscape design. The small space munity by the house green space, and the People39。空間和秩序[M]．鄒德儂、方千里譯．北京：中國 建筑工業(yè)出版社，1987[22] [美]ID．K．M舒爾茨(NorbergSchuls)．場所精神——邁向建筑現(xiàn)象學(xué)[M]．臺(tái)灣：尚林出版杜， 1984[8] 凱文參考文獻(xiàn)[1] J．Jacobs．The Death and life of Great American Cities．Random House N．Y, 1963[2] Development in Modem China．Boulder Colo．West view press,1981[3] S．G ，Time and Architecture， Harvard University．Press，1959[4] Kate Nesbitt．Theorizing A New Agenda For Architecture —An Anthology of Architecture Theory 1965—1995．Princeton Architectural Press,1996[5] Kenneth Frampton．study in tectonic Culture—The poetics of Construction in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Architecture．The MIT Press，1965[6] 揚(yáng)正是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代居住空間所關(guān)注的空間的核心問題是功能、是如何使現(xiàn)代居住空間更好地承載人類的生活，并且由于現(xiàn)代人類生活方式的復(fù)雜化及多樣化，使得現(xiàn)代居住空間的功能極大地復(fù)雜。我們應(yīng)該知其然，更應(yīng)該知其所以然，只有這樣，我們才能真正探知事物發(fā)展規(guī)律的本質(zhì)。 上述從空間的空間構(gòu)成、空間類型與建筑與環(huán)境關(guān)系的不同角度入手，分析了西方現(xiàn)代主義空間與西方古典空間的分野及其與中國傳統(tǒng)庭院、園林空間發(fā)生的某些關(guān)聯(lián)。毋人們之間可以老死不相往來，但與自然物的共存是不可缺少的，中國傳統(tǒng)組織空間房屋的規(guī)則與西方人是完全不同的。宅與園、屋與院、室與景從來都是不可分隔的整體，很難想象中國古人的生活不與自然發(fā)生關(guān)系。把居住空間物和自然環(huán)境更緊密地結(jié)合起來，形成符合人們生活規(guī)律的空間意境。這種顛覆的結(jié)果，使得現(xiàn)代主義居住空間的某些存在理念、空間營造方式及其對(duì)居住空間與環(huán)境關(guān)系的追求與古老的東方居住空間傳統(tǒng)——中國傳統(tǒng)的庭院及園林空間產(chǎn)生了共鳴。事實(shí)上，現(xiàn)代空間在空間的任何一種組織關(guān)系及其產(chǎn)生的根本理念上與古典空間都是絕對(duì)不同的?？虏嘉饕谝淮翁岢隽恕拔蓓敾▓@”的說法，并且其被圍墻與室內(nèi)空間圍成一體、相互滲透。既空間作為獨(dú)立的紀(jì)念碑式的存在物成為環(huán)境的中心，園林綠化作為背景或陪襯，圍繞空間而生，即便是庭院式的居住空間，庭院與周邊的實(shí)體也是絕對(duì)明確分離的。綜上所述，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)代建筑在空間形式類型及空間意向上的確與中國傳統(tǒng)庭院及園林空間有著異曲同工之妙?？臻g由傳統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)向動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展，空間的感覺也更加溫情脈脈，與生活的漫漫情調(diào)也更加吻合。 上述兩種空間類型作為中國傳統(tǒng)庭院及園林空間中最重要的空間原型，其空間形式與空間意向也是現(xiàn)代建筑空間中的最重要特色。而現(xiàn)代主義的空間組織是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)空間存在狀態(tài)的根本顛覆，現(xiàn)代主義完全從傳統(tǒng)的主從關(guān)系明確、界定清晰的空間狀態(tài)向一種彌散的均質(zhì)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變，室內(nèi)外空間及建筑與周邊的空間均發(fā)生了滲透和咬合。居住空間不僅存在明確的重心，也存在明確的中心，即居住空間和空間組織存在明確的軸線和中心。庭院周邊居住空間普遍以單層的形式出現(xiàn)，沒有向垂直方向的累疊。純潔的居住空間原型形態(tài)。兩種空間互為對(duì)方的延伸層次，從而使空間的開放度大大加強(qiáng)，空間氛圍輕松了許多。 由于上述兩種構(gòu)成方式的制約，