高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用與比較(參考版)
2024-11-13 02:29本頁(yè)面
【正文】 I’m only too glad to stay at home. It’s never too old to learn. ? 不定式一般不能作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，只有在極少數(shù)介詞如 ： but, except等后才行，此時(shí)不定式可帶 to 或不帶 to. ? He seldom es except to look at my pictures. ? We have no choice but to wait outside. ? They could do nothing but ask for help. 。 ? 不定式作獨(dú)立成分。 Is there any hope of our team winning the match? 3. 邏輯主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞 this,that, somebody, someone, nobody, none, anybody, anyone時(shí)，只有普通格。 It is easy for the students to read. It will be a mistake for us to help you. 1 不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) : for/of sb. to do sth. It’s wrong of him to speak bad behind others. 2 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)： 名詞所有格 (Mary’s)/形容性物主代詞（ my） +動(dòng)名 1. 邏輯主語(yǔ)是有生命的名詞：作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，須用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，也可用普通格或人稱(chēng)代詞賓格。 動(dòng)名詞：用復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 On hearing the bad news, she cried. I’ll never fet seeing that film for the first time. 2）動(dòng)名詞的語(yǔ)態(tài) doing ? being done having done ? having been done He was afraid of _____ (leave) at home. The house showed no sign of _____ (damage). Xu Benyu insisted on being sent to the mountain area to serve the children there. 3 現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)： ?分詞的動(dòng)作如發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后 doing，用一般式，如發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，用完成式having done。 We are interested in _____ (play) chess. 如 前，通常用完成式。 I’m very glad to be working with you. 3）完成式： 不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. The article is said to have been read by many people. 2。不定式的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)： 1）一般式： 不定式表示的動(dòng)作常與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)（或幾乎同時(shí)）發(fā)生，或在它之后發(fā)生。 ? 注 4: 當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)不同時(shí)，分詞須有自己的主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 ? 注 2： 表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可由連接詞while或 when引導(dǎo)。 This question is difficult _______ (answer). Do you think him easy______ (work) with? We find this rule hard _____ (remember). 4 有些分詞已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楠?dú)立成分， 含有“泛指”意義，在句中常作插入語(yǔ)。 She sat there, lost in thought. After a day’s work, he went home, tired out. 2. 一些使役性動(dòng)詞，如： disappoint / excite / surprise / move / interest / puzzle… 。 注意： 1。不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過(guò)程或未曾料到的不愉快的結(jié)果；分詞主要表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生后所引起的結(jié)果狀態(tài)或必然產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。分詞在句中主要作時(shí)間，原因，方式或伴隨，條件，讓步，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 不定式 分詞 使役動(dòng)詞 ： make, have, let, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, etc. 感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞 ： find, see, watch, notice, hear, feel, etc. It’s cold out side, we had the fire burning all night. Mum had him wash the plate
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