【正文】 D)reservation price保留價(jià)格reserve money準(zhǔn)備貨幣reserve ration準(zhǔn)備率resource資源resource utilization資源利用retainer零售商returns to scale規(guī)模報(bào)酬revaluation升值。限額quotas限額Random walk隨機(jī)漫步Random walk of consumption隨機(jī)漫步消費(fèi)rate of return報(bào)酬率rational behavior理性行為rational decision理性決定Rational expectations理性預(yù)期rational expectations school理性預(yù)期學(xué)派Rational speculative bubble理性投機(jī)泡沫rationing配給reaction function反應(yīng)函數(shù)Real appreciation實(shí)質(zhì)升值Real business cycle(RBC)models實(shí)質(zhì)景氣循環(huán)模型Real depreciation實(shí)質(zhì)貶值Real exchange rate實(shí)質(zhì)匯率Real GDP實(shí)質(zhì)的GDPreal ine實(shí)質(zhì)所得real interest rate實(shí)質(zhì)利率real output實(shí)質(zhì)產(chǎn)出real wage實(shí)質(zhì)工資realized實(shí)現(xiàn)的realized expenditure實(shí)際(事后)支出recession衰退recognition lag認(rèn)知落后rediscount重貼現(xiàn)rediscount rate重貼現(xiàn)率redistribution of wealth財(cái)富重分配reflection point轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)regressive tax累退稅relative ine相對所得relative price相對價(jià)格remittance匯款rent地租。國債public enterprise公營企業(yè)public finance財(cái)政學(xué)。貼水present goods現(xiàn)在財(cái)貨present value現(xiàn)值Present value現(xiàn)值price ceiling價(jià)格上限price consumption curve(PCC)價(jià)格消費(fèi)曲線price control物價(jià)管制price discrimination差別取價(jià)price elasticity價(jià)格彈性price floor價(jià)格下限price index物價(jià)指數(shù)Price level物價(jià)水準(zhǔn)Price liberalization價(jià)格自由化price line價(jià)格線(預(yù)算線) price mechanism價(jià)格機(jī)能price rigidity價(jià)格僵固(穩(wěn)定)price system價(jià)格制度price taker價(jià)格接受者price theory價(jià)格理論price war價(jià)格戰(zhàn)pricesetting relation價(jià)格設(shè)定關(guān)系Primary deficit主要赤字Primary labor market主要的勞動(dòng)市場primary product原產(chǎn)品Primary surplus主要盈余private benefits私人利益private cost私人成本private goods私有財(cái)private property私有財(cái)private property rights私有財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)Private saving(S)私人儲蓄Private spending私人支出privatization民營化privatization民營化Producer durable equipment生產(chǎn)者耐久設(shè)備Producer price index(PPI)生產(chǎn)者物價(jià)指數(shù)producers生產(chǎn)者producers39。實(shí)在的positive economics實(shí)證經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Post industrial economies后工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)potential GNP潛在國民生產(chǎn)毛額precautionary motive預(yù)防性動(dòng)機(jī)premium保險(xiǎn)金。s law奧肯法則Okun39。并購Microeconomics個(gè)體經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Microeconomics個(gè)體經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)microfoundation of macroeconomics總體經(jīng)濟(jì)理論的個(gè)體經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)Mid cycle deficit中循環(huán)赤字Minimum wag最低工資misery index痛苦指數(shù)mixed economy混合經(jīng)濟(jì)mobility流動(dòng)性Model模型Models of endogenous growth內(nèi)生成長模型Modified Phillips curve修正的菲力浦曲線Monetarism ,monetarists貨幣學(xué)派Monetarist重貨幣學(xué)派Monetary aggregate貨幣總計(jì)數(shù)Monetary base貨幣基數(shù)Monetary base貨幣基數(shù)Monetary contraction貨幣的緊縮Monetary expansion貨幣的擴(kuò)張monetary policy貨幣政策M(jìn)onetary tightening貨幣的抽緊monetaryfiscal policy mix貨幣財(cái)政政策組合money貨幣money貨幣money illusion貨幣幻覺Money illusion貨幣幻覺money ine貨幣所得money market貨幣市場Money market funds貨幣市場基金money multiplier貨幣乘數(shù)Money multiplier貨幣乘數(shù)Money neutrality貨幣中立性money stock貨幣存量money supply貨幣供給money wage貨幣工資moneyness貨幣性monopolist獨(dú)占者monopolist獨(dú)買者monopolist petition獨(dú)占性競爭monopoly獨(dú)占monopoly power獨(dú)占力monopsony獨(dú)買moral suasion道德勸服mortgage抵押權(quán)Multilateral exchange rate(multilateral real exchange rate)多邊匯率(多邊實(shí)質(zhì)匯率)Multiplier乘數(shù)multiplier effect乘數(shù)效果MundellFleming model孟岱爾佛來明模型Narrow banking狹義銀行Narrow money狹義貨幣Nash equilibriumNash 均衡National accounts國民所得會計(jì)帳national debt公債。清算liquidity流動(dòng)性liquidity preference流動(dòng)性偏好Liquidity preference流動(dòng)性偏好liquidity trap流動(dòng)性陷阱Liquidity trap流動(dòng)性陷阱LM curveLM曲線LM curveLM曲線LM relationLM關(guān)系loan貸款loanable fund theory可貸資金說Logarithmic scale對數(shù)規(guī)格衡量Longrun長期longrun average cost curve長期平均成本曲線longterm bond長期債券Lorenz curve羅侖斯曲線Lucas critique盧卡斯批評lumpsum tax定額稅luxury goods奢侈品Maastricht treaty馬斯垂克條約Macroeconomics總體經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)macroeconomics總體經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)majority voting多數(shù)決managed floating exchange rate system管理浮動(dòng)匯率制度marginal benefit邊際利益marginal cost邊際成本marginal cost pricing邊際成本訂價(jià)法marginal efficiency of capital資本邊際效率marginal efficiency of investment投資的邊際效率marginal factor cost邊際要素成本marginal firm邊際廠商marginal product邊際產(chǎn)量marginal productivity theory of inedistribution邊際生產(chǎn)力所得分配理論Marginal propensity to consume邊際消費(fèi)傾向Marginal propensity to import邊際進(jìn)口傾向marginal propensity to invest邊際投資傾向Marginal propensity to save邊際儲蓄傾向marginal rate of substitution邊際替代率Marginal rate of substitution邊際替代率Marginal rate of technical substitution邊際技術(shù)替代率marginal rate of transformation邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率marginal revenue邊際收益marginal revenue product邊際收益產(chǎn)量marginal tax rate邊際稅率marginal utility邊際效用market市場market economy市場經(jīng)濟(jì)market equilibrium市場均衡market failure市場失靈market forces市場力量market mechanism市場機(jī)能Market period市場期間market segmentation市場區(qū)隔Market socialism市場社會主義Market structure市場結(jié)構(gòu)market supply curve市場供給曲線Marshall馬歇爾MarshallLerner condition馬婁條件MarshallLerner condition馬婁條件mass production大量生產(chǎn)。編制指數(shù)indifference curve無異曲線indirect tax間接稅individual demand個(gè)別需求induced consumption誘發(fā)性消費(fèi)induced expenditure誘發(fā)性支出induced taxation誘發(fā)性租稅inductive method歸納法industrial diversification工業(yè)多元化industrial promotion工業(yè)促進(jìn)industrialization工業(yè)化industry產(chǎn)業(yè)inelastic無彈性的inequality measures不均度infant industry幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)inferior goods劣等財(cái)inflation通貨膨脹inflationary gap膨脹缺口information cost資訊,訊息成本injection挹注inkind transfer 實(shí)物移轉(zhuǎn)innovation創(chuàng)新,發(fā)明input投入inputoutput ration投入產(chǎn)出比率installment分期付款insurance保險(xiǎn)integration整合。輸入國incentive誘因。s Low格來興法則gross domestic capital formation國內(nèi)資本形成毛額Gross domestic capital formation國內(nèi)資本形成毛額Gross domestic product國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)毛額Gross domestic product (GDP)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)毛額gross fixed capital formation固定資本形成毛額Gross fixed capital formation固定資本形成毛額gross investment毛投資Gross investment手投資Gross national product (GNP)國民生產(chǎn)毛額Gross national product (GNP)國民生產(chǎn)毛額Gross private domestic fixed investment私人國內(nèi)固定投資毛額growth成長Growth 成長growth distortion成長的扭曲Growth distortion成長的扭曲HarrodDomar model