【正文】 it is almost always necessary to calculate them so that he knows they are within acceptable limits. Whenever possible, the powertransmission elements, such as gears or pullets, should be located close to the supporting bearings, This reduces the bending moment, and hence the deflection and bending stress.Although the von MisesHenckyGoodman method is difficult to use in design of shaft, it probably es closest to predicting actual failure. Thus it is a good way of checking a shaft that has already been designed or of discovering why a particular shaft has failed in service. Furthermore, there are a considerable number of shaftdesign problems in which the dimension are pretty well limited by other considerations, such as rigidity, and it is only necessary for the designer to discover something about the fillet sizes, heattreatment, and surface finish and whether or not shot peening is necessary in order to achieve the required life and reliability.Because of the similarity of their functions, clutches and brakes are treated together. In a simplified dynamic representation of a friction clutch, or。 that is ,a righthand driver goes with a righthand driven. In the design of crossedhelical gears, the minimum sliding velocity is obtained when the helix angle are equal. However, when the helix angle are not equal, the gear with the larger helix angle should be used as the driver if both gears have the same hand. Worm gears are similar to crossed helical gears. The pinion or worm has a small number of teeth, usually one to four, and since they pletely wrap around the pitch cylinder they are called threads. Its mating gear is called a worm gear, which is not a true helical gear. A worm and worm gear are used to provide a high angularvelocity reduction between nonintersecting shafts which are usually at right angle. The worm gear is not a helical gear because its face is made concave to fit the curvature of the worm in order to provide line contact instead of point contact. However, a disadvantage of worm gearing is the high sliding velocities across the teeth, the same as with crossed helical gears.Worm gearing are either single or double enveloping. A singleenveloping gearing is one in which the gear wraps around or partially encloses the worm.. A gearing in which each element partially encloses the other is, of course, a doubleenveloping worm gearing. The important difference between the two is that area contact exists between the teeth of doubleenveloping gears while only line contact between those of singleenveloping gears. The worm and worm gear of a set have the same hand of helix as for crossed helical gears, but the helix angles are usually quite different. The helix angle on the worm is generally quite large, and that on the gear very small. Because of this, it is usual to specify the lead angle on the worm, which is the plement of the worm helix angle, and the helix angle on the gear。ShaftIn the force analysis of spur gears, the forces are assumed to act in a single plane. We shall study gears in which the forces have three dimensions. The reason for this, in the case of helical gears, is that the teeth are not parallel to the axis of rotation. And in the case of bevel gears, the rotational axes are not parallel to each other. There are also other reasons, as we shall learn.Helical gears are used to transmit motion between parallel shafts. The helix angle is the same on each gear, but one gear must have a righthand helix and the other a lefthand helix. The shape of the tooth is an involute helicoid. If a piece of paper cut in the shape of a parallelogram is wrapped around a cylinder, the angular edge of the paper bees a helix. If we unwind this paper, each point on the angular edge generates an involute curve. The surface obtained when every point on the edge generates an involute is called an involute helicoid.The initial contact of spurgear teeth is a line extending all the way across the face of the tooth. The initial contact of helical gear teeth is a point, which changes into a line as the teeth e into more engagement. In spur gears the line of contact is parallel to the axis of the rotation。因此，我的這篇畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的完成與張?jiān)嚼蠋煹南ば膸椭欠植婚_(kāi)的，在此，我再次對(duì)張?jiān)嚼蠋煴硎局孕牡母兄x。在我心喜之余，不得不對(duì)在這次設(shè)計(jì)中給予我極大幫助的指導(dǎo)老師張?jiān)嚼蠋熡谥孕牡母兄x。對(duì)本設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)說(shuō)，無(wú)論是計(jì)算部分還是繪圖說(shuō)明部分，都是按照傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行的，因此整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)在理論上是可行的，由于在該設(shè)計(jì)中箱體的厚度沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)，而是依傳統(tǒng)同類(lèi)產(chǎn)品的相應(yīng)零件厚度來(lái)確定的，這對(duì)最后尺寸的精確性有一定的影響。通過(guò)對(duì)行星齒輪減速器的現(xiàn)有條件的分析，依據(jù)《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)》和《減速器設(shè)計(jì)與使用數(shù)據(jù)速查》等資料得出此設(shè)計(jì)，在本設(shè)計(jì)中，主要對(duì)各齒輪的參數(shù)，幾何尺寸，傳動(dòng)效率，傳動(dòng)作用力等進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，并對(duì)齒輪和軸的強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了校核。 結(jié)論本設(shè)計(jì)主要闡述了行星齒輪傳動(dòng)的傳動(dòng)特點(diǎn)，傳動(dòng)類(lèi)型，傳動(dòng)比，配齒計(jì)算和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)等，并對(duì)行星齒輪減速器的各主要零件進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的計(jì)算，畫(huà)出裝配圖和數(shù)張零件圖。切削深度=（一次走刀切除）每齒進(jìn)給量 =切削速度 v =70m/min計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)度 實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速 n = 實(shí)際切削速度 實(shí)際進(jìn)給速度 ：刀具D=400 ，YG6硬質(zhì)合金端銑刀切削深度=（一次走刀切除）每齒進(jìn)給量 =由于粗精銑共用一個(gè)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)，所以所以實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速 切削速度 銑底座上表面采用X52K型立式銑床：銑削刀具的選擇，根據(jù)加工材料（HT200）和加工性質(zhì)（粗銑），選用YG6 硬質(zhì)合金端銑刀，再根據(jù)加工寬度取D=80mm，其z =10。切削深度=（一次走刀切除）每齒進(jìn)給量 =切削速度 v =70m/min計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)速 實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速 n=235r/min實(shí)際切削速度 實(shí)際進(jìn)給速度 ：刀具D=400 ，YG6硬質(zhì)合金端銑刀切削深度=（一次走刀切除）每齒進(jìn)給量 =由于粗精銑共用一個(gè)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)，所以所以實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速 切削速度 銑前端面采用X52K型立式銑床：銑削刀具的選擇，根據(jù)加工材料（HT200）和加工性質(zhì)（粗銑），選用YG6 硬質(zhì)合金端銑刀，再根據(jù)加工寬度取D=100mm，其z =10。表 41 各表面加工余量及工序尺寸銑平面總余量粗銑余量精銑余量底面上端面前端面后端面底座上表面表 42 各孔加工余量及工序尺寸鏜孔粗鏜余量精鏜余量軸承孔鉆孔鉆鉸安裝孔4222022H8 箱體的加工 銑底面采用X52K型立式銑床粗銑：銑削刀具的選擇，根據(jù)加工材料（HT200）和加工性質(zhì)（粗銑），選用YG6 硬質(zhì)合金端銑刀，再據(jù)加工寬度可取D=400mm，其z =28。鏜孔余量由參考文獻(xiàn)定為：。兩側(cè)面加工余量等級(jí)需比底面升一級(jí)選用，定底面為MAF級(jí)，則側(cè)面為MAE級(jí)。由參考文獻(xiàn)查得鑄件機(jī)械加工余量等級(jí)為F級(jí)。主要表面的粗精加工要盡量分開(kāi)。 零件各表面加工工序的確定 各表面加工工序的確定原則根據(jù)“基準(zhǔn)先行”的原則，應(yīng)先加工定位基準(zhǔn)——下表面和定位孔。以底座上表面為粗基準(zhǔn)加工下表面和定位孔。 此外，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)還應(yīng)考慮工廠的實(shí)際生產(chǎn)能力等。（2）毛坯的制造方法應(yīng)與生產(chǎn)型相適應(yīng)。（1）制造方法應(yīng)與材料的制造工藝性相適應(yīng)。 零件的工藝分析減速