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50 measurements per second at d = % and 250 184。 4 ms at d = % and 184。s element at absence of magnetic field and its drift. It is especially characteristically for a broad temperature range, defined by road climatic of various countries.The main performances of the used sensor are: 學(xué)生簽名: 日 期: 33 2010屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)資料第二部分 外文資料翻譯Novel Rotation Speed Measurement Concept forABS Appropriated for Microsystem CreationSergey Y. Yurish, Nikolay V. Kirianaki, Nestor O. ShpakInstitute of Computer Technologies,Bandera str., 12, 290013, Lviv, UkraineTel.: +380 322 97 16 74, fax: + 380 322 97 16 41 syurishAbstract1. IntroductionToday’s cars have bee puter networks on wheels. The average car has about $653 worth of electronics and/or electromechanical systems, about 15 percent of the total value of the car [1]. By the year 2000, the average car will contain about $ 950 to $ 2,000 worth of electronics, depending on whether valuation is based on cost or price. It is estimated that electronics will make up 25 to 30 percent of a car’s total value [1]. Automotive microsystem applications, especially for antilock braking systems(ABS), require highreliability parts that can withstand the harsh environment and wide temperature range. On the other hand, their price should not be excessively high in conditions of large production volumes. The reliability of the ABS is determined by speed of processing of measuring information and solution making by the control system. In other words, the ABS must work in the real time. However, in many ABS, the measurement of rotation speed is based on the conventional methods of frequency measurement (standard direct and indirect counting methods) or on reciprocal (ratiometric) counting method [2]. The choice of measurement technique in the known traditional solutions depends on the desired resolution and dataacquisition rate. For maximum dataacquisition rate, periodmeasurement techniques are used. Maximum resolution and accuracy are obtained using frequency measurement. On the nature, the time of measurement and conversion for such methods (except the indirect method of measurement for low frequencies) is redundant in the all specified measuring range of frequencies, except the nominal one.The key point of the Paper is a reliable ABS solution (smart sensor encoder adaptive method of measurement for rotation speed), which satisfied to all requirements for the modern midrange (four wheels) and highend (integrated vehicle dynamics) ABS at lowering the cost of the system (Figure 1.).Figure 1. Three main ponents of ABS wheel speed sensing concept2. Smart Wheel Speed SensorSensor technology is playing a critical role in the development of new products and can govern the feasibility of deploying certain systems [3]. The critical sensors involved are those for sensing wheel rotation speed [4].The active inductive sensor with frequency output was selected as the wheel rotation speed sensor [5]. The rectangular impulse sequence is generated on the sensor39。此外我還要感謝和我一起學(xué)習(xí)生活的同學(xué),感謝他們平常對我的幫助。在他們的親切關(guān)懷下,我不斷豐富著自己,在知識上不斷掌握新的理論與技能,在做人做事中充滿信心與勇氣,也逐漸形成了正確而成熟的人生觀、價值觀,這些對即將走出校園的我來說是一筆很好的財富。在畢業(yè)設(shè)計中我不僅鍛煉了自己的動手能力,更重要的是學(xué)習(xí)了應(yīng)該怎樣做事做人。 長沙學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文) 參考文獻[1]王福瑞.單片微機測控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計大全[M].北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社,1999:49[2]張勇.電機拖動與控制[M].機械工業(yè)出版社,2001[3]邵群濤,徐余法.電機及拖動基礎(chǔ)[M].機械工業(yè)出版社,2002:250269[4]馬西秦.自動檢測技術(shù)[M].機械工業(yè)出版社,2001:210230[5]2000年全國中小型電機學(xué)術(shù)年會論文集[C][6]余永權(quán),汪明慧,黃英.單片機在控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[M].電子工業(yè)出版社,2003[7][M].清華大學(xué)出版社,2006:1020[8] 李剛,林凌. 新概念單片機教程(M).天津大學(xué)出版社,2007[9](M).高等教育出版社,2003:120124[10]雷思孝,馮育長.單片機系統(tǒng)設(shè)計及工程應(yīng)用(M).西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社,2005:7985[11](第2版)(M).中國計量出版社,2009:254259[12]郭培源,(M).北京航空航天大學(xué)出版,2006:221224[13](C51版)(M).中國水利水電出版社,2007:112115[14] [J]. 傳感器技術(shù)2003,22(10):4547 [15](M).北京郵電大學(xué)出版社,2005:17[16]徐瑋,徐富軍,(M).機械工業(yè)出版社,[17]王為青, Cx51應(yīng)用開發(fā)技術(shù)(M).人民郵電出版社,2007:3138[18]林志琦,郎建軍,李會杰,(M).北京航空航天大學(xué)出版,2006:15致 謝在此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計中,首先要感謝劉安玲、袁媛老師對我的細心指導(dǎo),遇到困難能夠及時給予幫助。每分鐘可進行30萬次檢測操作,這樣就能檢出高速轉(zhuǎn)動的微小物體。改進方法:(1)采用時鐘頻率更高、定時/計數(shù)器位數(shù)更多的單片機來處理脈沖,現(xiàn)某些高速單片機可達到40MHz的處理速度,可以大大提高測速范圍。(3)此外,光電開關(guān)的反應(yīng)速度也會對轉(zhuǎn)速測量值的大小產(chǎn)生影響。若要使單片機準確讀取外部脈沖,則脈沖的輸入周期不能超過3us。(2)通過T1計數(shù)時,單片機每讀取一個脈沖至少需要3個機器周期的時間來完成。此計數(shù)器的最大計數(shù)脈沖數(shù)為63336(216),若每秒鐘計算一次,則當1秒內(nèi)外部脈沖的輸入數(shù)超過65536個時,計數(shù)器會溢出,從而產(chǎn)生中斷,使得測出的轉(zhuǎn)速值小于實際的轉(zhuǎn)速值。 實物連接圖 實際測量結(jié)果結(jié) 論本設(shè)計采用光電開關(guān)測速法,利用對射式光電開關(guān)采集轉(zhuǎn)速信號,通過信號處理電路得到適合的脈沖后,輸入單片機進行處理、計算,得出實際的轉(zhuǎn)速值,輔以數(shù)碼管顯示。仿真結(jié)果為4r/min,符合設(shè)計要求,可按此仿真電路指導(dǎo)實際硬件電路的搭建。通過Proteus可以繪制硬件原理圖,并設(shè)置元件參數(shù);為單片機及其程序以及外部接口電路的仿真提供可能,驗證設(shè)計的可行性與合理性;還可以為連接實際的硬件電路做好準備;如有必要時,可以利用它來設(shè)計電路板。Proteus ISIS 是英國Lab center 公司開發(fā)的電路分析與實物仿真軟件。 電路仿真仿真部分運用Proteus仿真軟件來實現(xiàn),Proteus 軟件是一款強大的單片機仿真軟件,它除了具有和其他工具一樣的原理編輯、印制電路板(PCB)自動或人工布線及電路仿真外,最大的特色是其電路仿真是交互的、可視化的。由于偉福編譯過程沒有Keil ,能對程序進行直接編譯,省去了建立和設(shè)置工程等步驟,使用方便、快捷。通過更換仿真頭POD,可以對不同的CPU進行仿真。模擬器使用簡單,結(jié)合了許多標準調(diào)試特征,包括多斷點、單步以及代碼執(zhí)行跟蹤等能力[17]。在典型調(diào)試對話中,調(diào)試器提供對片內(nèi)所有外圍設(shè)備的訪問、單步和設(shè)置斷點的代碼執(zhí)行控制方式。Keil ,編譯C語言源程序,并生成16進制文件和列表文件。也就是說,在用戶系統(tǒng)保留AT89S52的情況下,通過開發(fā)系統(tǒng)與AT89S52的串行接口通信,直接對用戶系統(tǒng)進行調(diào)試,并在調(diào)試完成后將調(diào)試好的程序下載到AT89S52中。 /* timer1 run */}第5章 系統(tǒng)仿真與電路實現(xiàn) 系統(tǒng)仿真系統(tǒng)結(jié)合Keil ,通過Proteus來仿真。 /* enable timer1 interrupt */EA=1。 /* init values */TL1 = 0x00。 M00=1。 C/T0=1。 /* Counter 1 mode 1 with software gate */TMOD |= 0x50。}//初始化定時器T1void init_timer1(){TMOD amp。i100。 /* timer0 run */}//延時函數(shù)void Delay(uint ms){uchar i。 /* enable timer0 interrupt */EA=1。 /* init values */TL0 = 0x00。 M00=1。 C/T0=0。 //定時10毫秒 /* Timer 0 mode 1 with software gate */TMOD |= 0x01。}//初始化定時器T0void init_timer0(){TMOD amp。Disbuf[2] = (speed/10)%10。//據(jù)公式計數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)速 Disbuf[0] = (speed/1000)%10。PlusCounter = TH1*256 + TL1。}//計算轉(zhuǎn)速,并把結(jié)果放入數(shù)碼管緩沖區(qū)void ClacSpeed()