【正文】 。投人實(shí)際應(yīng)用e into force 生效brandnew products 新產(chǎn)品divulge v． 泄露obtain vi． (習(xí)慣等)流行，通行；得到公認(rèn)paying bank 付款行prior to 在……之前pursuant to 按照proceeds n. (pl．)(從銀行貸的)款項(xiàng)surplus n． 盈余affiliate n． 附屬機(jī)構(gòu)in the event 倘若，如果　 　 Reflections and Practice思考與實(shí)踐 　 　 Work (1) What elements of a sentence can be readjusted in translation? (2) How do you understand the uses of passive voice and active voice in contracts in English and Chinese? (3) How do you conduct translation of subordinate clauses in contractual translation9? Work 1)Translate the following into Chinese： (1) The consultants shall start carrying out the services two weeks after the effective date of the contract and shall plete their services within______ years. And this contract shall terminate when the services have been pleted and the____ payment of the contract has been made unless extended on the same conditions and terms agreed upon by the two parties hereto. Upon the termination of this contract or upon expiration of this contract, all rights and obligations shall cease, but the termination of the contract shall not affect in any way the out standing claims and liabilities existing between the two parties． (2)The Contractor shall, when called upon to do so, enter into and execute a Contract Agreement, to be prepared and pleted at the cost of the Employer, in the form annexed with such modification as may be necessary． 2)Translate the following into English： (1)雙方商品均用_____幣計(jì)價(jià)。 　 　 Useful Words and Phrases常用詞語(yǔ) 　 　 partial shipments 分批發(fā)貨at one39。 　 ②The Sellers shall not be responsible for delay in shipment or nondelivery of the goods due to Force Majeure, which has occurred during the manufacturing process or in the course of loading or in transit. 因在生產(chǎn)、裝運(yùn)或運(yùn)輸過程中發(fā)生的不可抗力事件，賣方對(duì)遲交或未交貨不負(fù)責(zé)任。例如： 　 ①In the event that the shipment should not be made within the time stated in the purchase order, the Buyer may make the purchase elsewhere and charge the Seller for any loss incurred， unless the delay in shipment is due to unforeseeable causes beyond the Seller39。 or he may cancel its order through a telegram to the Seller， which is required to get to the latter prior to the beginning of any shipment． 如果由于賣方違約，裝船延期超過30天，在此期間，買方有權(quán)以任何市場(chǎng)低價(jià)另行購(gòu)買同類貨物，買方也可以用電報(bào)通知賣方取消訂貨，但此電報(bào)須在裝運(yùn)之前到達(dá)賣方。 　 ③If, through the Seller39。例如： 　 ①If the Borrow wishes to borrow an amount equal to the total Loan mitment hereunder, it shall, not later than 5:00 . New York City on the fifth Banking Day next preceding the date it withes to designate for such borrowing, give the Agent notice, substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit C, of such date (the “Disinbursement Date”), which shall be a Banking Day prior to the Termination Date, and the account in New York City, to which the loans are to be credited. 如果借款人希望借入與全部貸款承諾相等的數(shù)額，則應(yīng)在不遲于他愿意指定的上述借款日之前5個(gè)銀行工作日紐約時(shí)間下午5時(shí)，基本上按照附錄C的格式，向代理發(fā)出關(guān)于該日（付款日）的通知，該日應(yīng)為終止日之前的一個(gè)銀行工作日，并告知其在紐約的賬戶，貸款的收入記入該賬戶。 　 (2)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與它所說明的先行詞關(guān)系并不很密切，只是起一種補(bǔ)充說明的作用，因此，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯基本上采用的方法處理。 　 notes 　 　 　 ② All drawings, designs, specifications and all other technical information made available under this Contact by Party B shall be kept strictly confidential by Party A who shall not sell, transfer or divulge it in anyone except those of its own employees who will be using it in the manufacture of the Product, 乙方根據(jù)本協(xié)議所提供的一切圖紙、設(shè)計(jì)、說明書及其他技術(shù)資料，甲方均須嚴(yán)格保密，未得乙方的書面同意，甲方不得以任何方式出售、轉(zhuǎn)讓或泄露給任何人，但不包括甲方生產(chǎn)合同產(chǎn)品使用技術(shù)資料的雇員。 　 限制性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯方法，除以上最基本的合譯法外，有時(shí)還可采用分譯的方法處理。如果合同中沒有規(guī)定測(cè)試的技術(shù)條件，測(cè)試應(yīng)按設(shè)備制造所在國(guó)相應(yīng)的工業(yè)部門所要求的通常慣例進(jìn)行。 　 ⑤Acceptance tests will be carried out and, unless otherwise agreed, will be made at the Buyer39。 　 ③Party B guarantees that the technical documents to be supplied by Party B are the latest technical information which has been put into practical use by Party B． 乙方保證所提供的技術(shù)資料是乙方經(jīng)過實(shí)際使用的最新技術(shù)資料。 　 ②Within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at destination, should the quality, specifications, or quantity be found not in conformity with the stipulations to the Contract except those claims for which the insurance pany or the owners of the vessels are liable, the buyer shall, on the strength of the Inspection Certificate issued by the China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau, have the right to claim for replacement with new goods, or for pensation, and all the expenses shall be borne by the Seller． 貨物運(yùn)抵目的港之日起，15天內(nèi)，除應(yīng)由保險(xiǎn)公司和船主負(fù)責(zé)的索賠外，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)貨物的質(zhì)量、規(guī)格或數(shù)量與本合同規(guī)定不符，買方憑中國(guó)進(jìn)出口商品檢驗(yàn)局出具的檢驗(yàn)證書，有權(quán)要求更換新貨，或要求補(bǔ)償。在翻譯這類從句時(shí)，往往采用合譯的手法，常把限制性定語(yǔ)從句譯成漢語(yǔ)的“……的”結(jié)構(gòu)，并置于被修飾詞之前。 英語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句可分為限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句兩大類。由于合同語(yǔ)言要求準(zhǔn)確和規(guī)范，如果缺少了定語(yǔ)從句，合同條款的語(yǔ)義往往很難達(dá)意完整。有關(guān)條件從句的應(yīng)用和翻譯，將在第14單元中進(jìn)一步探討。 以上列舉的狀語(yǔ)從句的翻譯，僅為一般意義上的翻譯，而且出現(xiàn)的頻率也較低。 　 ②Both Parties shall apply to their respective government authorities for approval before the Contract is officially signed． 合同雙方應(yīng)分別向本國(guó)的政府當(dāng)局申請(qǐng)，經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)后，才能簽訂正式合同。 (4)由before引出的狀語(yǔ)從句，一般譯成“……后，才能……”，這樣的翻譯方法，可強(qiáng)調(diào)一方應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)。 　 ②When either party contributes his capital goods or industrial property as investment, Party A and Party B shall conclude a separate contract to be a part of this main contract． 如果任何一方以實(shí)物或工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)作出資，甲、乙雙方應(yīng)另行訂立合同，作為本主合同的組成部分。 　 (3)由when引出的狀語(yǔ)從句，一般也處理成含有條件意義的從句，譯成“如果”、“倘若”。s documents． 買方如發(fā)現(xiàn)文件有錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，應(yīng)在中國(guó)銀行北京市分行收到賣方文件之日起20天內(nèi)電告賣方，并指出錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)目。乙方應(yīng)派遣一名技術(shù)人員赴甲方工廠，提供12工作人／目的技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。例如： 　 ①The first technical service shall start in the sixth day after the contract es into effect. Party B shall send a specialist to Party A39