【正文】 s escape from a prison in Venice. Other prisoners in that prison had even more powerful friends than he did, and none of them were ever able to bribe their way to freedom, So bribery hardly seems likely in his case. The best evidence, though, es from some old Veian government documents. They indicate that soon after the Chevalier escaped from the prison, the ceiling of his old prison room had to be repaired. Why would they need to repair a ceiling unless he had escaped exactly as he said he did. TPO9 Reading Car manufacturers and governments have been eagerly seeking a replacement for the automobile39。s not being poor. Second, the conversations with Voltaire. The Chevalier states in his memoir that each night immediately after conversing with Voltaire, he wrote down everything he could remember about that particular night39。s look at the accuracy of the three episodes mentioned in the reading. First, the loan from the merchant. Well, that doesn39。s escape from a notorious prison in Venice, Italy. He claims to have escaped the Veian prison by using a piece of metal to make a hole in the ceiling and climbing through the roof. Critics claim that while such a daring escape makes for enjoyable reading, it is more likely that the Chevaliers jailers were bribed to free him. They point out that the Chevalier had a number of politically wellconnected friends in Venice who could have offered a bribe. Listening Professor: No memoir can possibly be correct in every detail, but still, the Chevalier39。t. TPO8 Reading Toward the end of his life, the Chevalier de Seingalt (17251798) wrote a long memoir recounting his life and adventures. The Chevalier was a somewhat controversial figure, but since he met many famous people, including kings and writers, his memoir has bee a valuable historical source about European society in the eighteenth century. However, some critics have raised doubts about the accuracy of the memoir. They claim that the Chevalier distorted or invented many events in the memoir to make his life seem more exciting and glamorous than it really was. For example, in his memoir the Chevalier claims that while living in Switzerland, he was very wealthy, and it is known that he spent a great deal of money there on parties and gambling. However, evidence has recently surfaced that the Chevalier borrowed considerable sums of money from a Swiss merchant. Critics thus argue that if the Chevalier had really been very rich, he would not have needed to borrow money. Critics are also skeptical about the accuracy of the conversations that the Chevalier records in the memoir between himself and the famous writer Voltaire. No one doubts that the Chevalier and Voltaire met and conversed. However, critics plain that the memoir cannot possibly capture these conversations accurately, because it was written many years after the conversations occurred. Critics point out that it is impossible to remember exact phrases from extended conversations held many years earlier. Critics have also questioned the memoir39。t?But studies of how consumers make decisions show that price alone deterimines consumers39。 American consumers do not place much trust in advertising claims in general. Second, ecocertified wood will be more expensive than uncertified wood because in order to earn ecocertification, a wood pany must pay to have its business examined by a certification agency. This additional cost gets passed on to consumersAmerican consumers tend to be strongly motivated by price, and therefore they are likely to choose cheaper uncertified wood products. Accordingly, American wood panies will prefer to keep their prices low rather than obtain ecocertification Third, although some people claim that it always makes good business sense for American panies to keep up with the developments in the rest of the world, this argument is not convincing. Pursuing certification would make sense for American wood panies only if they marketed most of their products abroad. But that is not the case— American wood businesses sell most of their products in the United States, catering to a very large customer base that is satisfied with the merchandise. Listening Well, despite what many people say, there is a good reason to think that many American wood panies will eventually seek ecocertification for the wood products. First off, panies in the United States don39。new or improved,39。t reflect the great range of interests that people really have. But space is definitely not an issue for online encyclopedias. The academic articles are stiii represented in online encyclopedias, but there can be a great variety of articles and topics that accurately reflect the great diversity of users39。s important and what39。s being used is to have special editors whose job is to monitor all changes made to the articles and eliminate those changes that are clearly malicious. Third, what39。s hardly a fair criticism that encyclopedias online have errors. Traditional encyclopedias have never been close to perfectly accurate, if you are looking for a realty prehensive reference work without any mistakes, you are not going to find it, on or off line. The real point is that it39。t expect from ceremonies. For example, there are large quantities of building materials, sands, stones, even construction tools. This suggests that the mound is just a trash heap of construction material, stuff that was thrown away or not used up when a house was being built. The pots in the pile could be regular trash too, leftover from the meals of the construction workers. So the Pueblo Alto mound is not good evidence that the great houses were used for special ceremonies TPO6 Reading Communal online encyclopedias represent one of the latest resources to be found on the Inter. They