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t know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat.1) close與closely close意思是近; closely 意思是仔細地 H?!?改錯:(錯) I very like English. (對) I like English very much.注意:副詞enough要放在形容詞的后面,形容詞enough放在名詞前后都可?! ?Please write slowly and carefully.3) 多個不同副詞排列:程度+地點+方式+時間副詞?! e speaks English well.二、副詞的排列順序:1) 時間,地點副詞,小單位的在前,大單位在后。注意: a. 大多數(shù)方式副詞位于句尾,但賓語過長,副詞可以提前,以使句子平衡。2) 在be動詞、助動詞之后。一般與被修飾形容詞關(guān)系密切的形容詞靠近名詞;如果幾個形容詞的重要性差不多,音節(jié)少的形容詞在前,音節(jié)多的方在后,在不能確定時,可參照下表:限定詞+數(shù)量詞(序數(shù)詞在前,基數(shù)詞在后)+性狀形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體+those + three + beautiful + large + square 新舊+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞old + brown + wood + table副詞主要用來修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)。3) How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last答案:B。由限定詞數(shù)詞描繪詞(大小,長短,形狀,新舊,顏色) 性質(zhì)名詞的公式可知數(shù)詞,描繪詞,性質(zhì)依次順序,只有C符合答案。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry The poor are losing hope.2) 有關(guān)國家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個民族的整體,與動詞的復數(shù)連用?!「腻e:(錯) She sang lovely. (錯) He spoke to me very friendly. (對) Her singing was lovely. (對) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2)有些以ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞,也為副詞。但是如果形容詞修飾以thing為字尾的詞語時,要放在這些詞之后,例如: something nice1) 大部分形容詞加ly可構(gòu)成副詞。 ?。ㄥe) He is an ill man. ?。▽Γhe man is ill. ?。ㄥe) She is an afraid girl. (對) The girl is afraid. 這類詞還有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。大多數(shù)以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類。2) 敘述形容詞只能作表語,所以又稱為表語形容詞。1) 直接說明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞,它有級的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語、表語和補語。形容詞修飾名詞,說明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。s wealthy,he spends___ on clothes. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 答案: A. spend所指的是錢,不可數(shù),只能用little或 a little. 本句為although引導的讓步狀語從句,由句意知后句為否定含義,因此應(yīng)用little表示幾乎不?!here is little time 。 He has few friends. 他幾乎沒有朋友?! ?How many people are there at the meeting? How much time has we left? Many of the workers were at the meeting. Much of the time was spent on learning., little, a few, a little(a) few + 可數(shù)名詞, (a) little + 不可數(shù)名詞 a few / a little 為肯定含義,還有一點 few / little 為否定含義,沒有多少了。 All (of) the milk is there. 所有的牛奶都在那。跟單數(shù)名詞,用單數(shù)動詞;跟復數(shù)名詞,用復數(shù)動詞?!?I like none of the flowers. 這些花我都不喜歡?!?I don39。 以上詞使用范圍為三者以上?!?There are flowers on both sides of the street. (兩岸) There are flowers on either side of the street. (岸的兩邊) 路邊長滿了野花?!?Both the boys are clever. 兩個男孩都很聰明?! either of the two boys is clever. 兩個男孩都不聰明?!?) both (兩者都),either(兩者中任何一個), neither (兩者都不)。, either, neither, all, any, none這些詞都可用作代詞或形容詞?! very man is not honest. 并非每個人都誠實。5) every 有反復重復的意思,如 every two weeks等; each沒有。each可作代詞或形容詞。2) every 指三個以上的人或物(含三個),each指兩個以上的人或物 (含兩個)?! ?Every student in our school works hard. 我們學校的學生都很用功?!?Did any one call me up just now? 剛才有人打電話給我嗎? No one. 沒有?!) none 作主語,謂語動詞用單,復數(shù)均可,而no one作主語謂語動詞只能是單數(shù)。;no one/none;every/each1.a(chǎn)nyone 和 any one anyone僅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。 第一句定語從句與the students 一致。 5) 泛指別的人或物時,用others當在一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部時,也用others?!?) 一定范圍內(nèi)三者,一個用one,另一個用one (another),第三個可用the other,a third。one… the other 只有兩個 some… the others 有三個以上 one… another,another… some… others,others… others = other people/things the others = the rest 剩余的全部 1) 泛指另一個用another。 t know where I put it. ( 同一物) 我找不到我的帽子?! can39。我想我該去買一頂。 I can39。ve bought some. one,that 和itone表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。如果替代的名詞時無形容詞在前,則用some, any,而不 用ones?! ere are three novels. You may read any. 這有三本小說,你可任讀一本。四、any 一些 1) any 多用于否定句和疑問句和條件狀語從句中。如: I haven39?! ?Would you like句式中,表委婉請求或建議,如: Would you like some coffee? b. 在條件狀語從句中表示確定的意義時,如: If you need some help,let me know. c. some位于主語部分, Some students haven39。注意: (1)在肯定疑問句中用some代替any。(= a certain) You will be sorry for this some day. 總有一天,你會后悔這件事的。三、some 一些 1) 可與復數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞連用。但如做表語,則其單復數(shù)與表語一致。 在答語中,none可單獨使用。 He can39。t do it,neither should I. 如果你不干,我也不干。t sing,neither (can) he. neither 與nor d. 如前句是否定式從句,則主句用neither,而不用 nor。 c. 可用于下列句型,避免重復?!?b. 作定語與單數(shù)名詞連用,但neither… nor 用作并列連詞,可與復數(shù)名詞連用。如果助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面的實義動詞省 去,則位于助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之前?!?a. both 與復數(shù)動詞連用,但 both… and…可與單數(shù)名詞連用。 但all可與表時間的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用,如 all day,all night,all the year; 但習慣上不說 all hour,all century?! ll goes well. 一切進展得很好?! have no idea about it. b. all 都,指三者以上?! ?) 不定代詞的功能與用法 a. 除every 和no外不定代詞既可用作名詞,也可用作形容詞。s not the man he was. 他變化很大,已不是過去的他了?!?He39。 說明: 關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作賓語或表語時可省略, 例如: I39?!?(whose 指物,在限定性定語從句中作定語) He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回來取他丟下的書。) 2) 關(guān)系代詞有主格,賓格和屬格之分,并有指人與指物之分。它代表先行詞,同時在從句中作一定的句子成分,例如:The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我講話的姑娘是我表妹?!an you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed? 你能告訴我床上的藍襯衣是誰的嗎? Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you. 你說的我大部分同意,但并不完全贊同。) 說明3: 疑問代詞用于對介詞賓語提問時,過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首,現(xiàn)代英語中,疑問代詞在句首,介詞在句未,例如: For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(舊文體) What are you looking for? 你在找什么?(現(xiàn)代英語) 說明4: 疑問代詞還可引導名詞性從句,例如: I can39。試比較: 疑問代詞:Whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的? What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美國的領(lǐng)土擴張是朝哪個方向的? 限定詞: Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的? What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River being part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬于美國? 說明1: 無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的范圍不同。疑問代詞有下列幾個: 指 人: who, whom, whose 指 物: what 既可指人又可指物: which 2) 疑問代詞在句中應(yīng)位于謂語動詞之前,沒有性和數(shù)的變化,除who之外也沒有格的變化。(those指人) (對) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。 (對) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(this作限定詞) (錯)He is going to marry this.?。╰his作賓語時不能指人) (對)I bou