【正文】 only job is to explore emoti。3． 賓語從句譯為漢語時，通常不需要改變語序。十四、賓語從句的翻譯方法1． 賓語從句在句中相當于名詞的作用，稱之為名詞性從句。B． 若是代詞指代的內(nèi)容為前面的某個句子，需要總結(jié)，則在翻譯的時候可以以模糊對模糊，根據(jù)具體情況將該代詞譯為“這種問法，這種說法，這個問題，這種做法…”0548復(fù)合句48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.參考譯文：僅這一點就足以表明，要在電視行業(yè)里生存下來并非易事。an autonomous region 自治地區(qū)possession：wealth or property 財富，財產(chǎn)。2. 句外指代的翻譯A．對于指代具體某個或幾個名詞的詞，一定要搞清楚他指代的內(nèi)容，譯文中用代詞表示不清的就用名詞來表達，哪怕是羅嗦一點也一定要多用名詞，只有在明顯清楚或者找不到合適的名詞才用代詞。the start of manmachine integration 人機一體化的開始 ＝ puterhuman linksintegrate：結(jié)合，一體化it：指代“breakthrough”，可以譯作“這個突破”或者“它”。disable them 使汽車失靈/停止運行/無法前進/不能開動/癱瘓/將阻止汽車開動them：指代汽車offend 多義詞(汽車)污染超標/違規(guī)譯 文： 屆時，將出現(xiàn)由機器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目以及裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標(違規(guī))，監(jiān)控器就會使其停駛。television chat shows hosted by robots 由機器人主持的電視談話/聊天/討論/表演節(jié)目.chat shows：訪談節(jié)目host：to act as host at (an event) or to (a person) 主持、主辦（活動）；招待（某人）a host country 東道國guest team 客隊host team 主隊hostile (a.) 敵對的, 敵方的 (n.) 敵對hospitality (n.) 好客, 宜人, 盛情cars with pollution monitors 裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車that will disable them：監(jiān)控器就會使其（汽車）停駛that：監(jiān)視器。0465復(fù)合句(65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce farreaching consequences for the culture of a society.參考譯文：Whorf/沃爾夫（逐漸接受/進而相信）某種（類似）語言決定論的觀點；這種觀點的極端說法是：語言禁錮了思想，（而）語言的語法結(jié)構(gòu)能對一個社會的文化產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。十三、代詞的翻譯1. 句子內(nèi)部指代的翻譯當代詞與其所指代的對象在同一劃線句中時，一般來可以將代詞譯為相對應(yīng)的代詞。them：指代home appliances，譯作“它們”。Fabricating：捏造，偽造，編制參考譯文：這些新近被描述的語言與歐洲和東南亞那些已經(jīng)得到很好研究的語言往往差別顯著，以至于有些學者甚至指責Boas和Sapir捏造了數(shù)據(jù)。item 內(nèi)容，項目——依據(jù)、要素參考譯文：行為科學之所以發(fā)展緩慢，部分原因是用來解釋行為的依據(jù)似乎往往是直接觀察到的，部分原因是其他的解釋方式一直難以找到。change 改變——發(fā)展。0462多重復(fù)合句(62) We are obliged to them （because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. 參考譯文：我們之所以感激他們（兩位先驅(qū)），是因為從此以后，這些（土著）語言中(的一部分/有一些)（消失/已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在）了，因為講這些語言的人要么滅絕了，要么被同化了，因而喪失了（自己/本族）的語言?；颍合襁^去一樣，將來一定會出現(xiàn)新的思維方式和新的思維內(nèi)容，從而給完美以新的標準。方式狀語從句——前置9675復(fù)合句75) New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.New forms of thought 新的思維方式new subjects for thought 新的思維對象must：必然要，必定會as they have in the past：就像過去曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過一樣。隨之；伴隨著它譯文：如果這些問題得不到解決，研究行為的技術(shù)手段就會繼續(xù)受到排斥，解決問題的惟一方式可能也隨之受到排斥。被拋棄；被拒絕；被反對　　with it研究行為的技術(shù)手段　　be rejected如果不，直到　　a technology of behavior條件狀語從句——前置0265復(fù)合句65) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.　　until 時間狀語從句——前置2005年Text 1However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.結(jié)構(gòu)：時間狀語從句： when two monkeys were placed…目的狀語從句 ：so that each could observe賓語從句:what the other was getting單詞：Adjoin 毗連，臨近，貼近 Our house adjoins theirs. 我們的房子跟他們的毗鄰。 timely：及時的，適時的dispassioned 冷靜的natural phenomena 自然現(xiàn)象參考的譯文：社會科學是（知識/智力/智能）（探索/探究/探尋）的一個分支，它（力圖/試圖/致力于/尋求）像自然科學家研究自然現(xiàn)象那樣，用（理性的/推理的）、（有序的/有規(guī)律的/有條理的/有秩序的）、系統(tǒng)的和（冷靜的/不帶感情（色彩）的/客觀的/不受情緒影響的）（方式/方法）研究人類及其行為。 orderly：有序的，整齊的，整潔的178。 hourly（表示時間）：每小時的，時時的178。 cowardly：膽小的，怯弱的178。 neighborly：鄰居似的，睦鄰的，友好的178。十二、狀語結(jié)構(gòu)（一）原則：前置時間狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，方式狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，地點狀語結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯在主語之后，動詞之前 03年的 62題Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science 社會科學 The Chinese Acadamy of Social Science 中國社會科學院intellectual enquiry 知識探究enquiry = inquiry：探究，探索seek to：試圖，設(shè)法humans and their endeavors 人類及其行為endeavor：努力in … manner 以……方式，用……方法reasoned 理性的orderly 有序的an orderly answer 條理分明的回答 an orderly room 潔凈的房間知識點歸納——以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞178。2000年72題：Furthermore it is obvious 1 that the strength of a country39。It is said that…據(jù)說… 　　It is reported that…據(jù)報道… 　　It is estimated that…據(jù)估計… 　　It must be pointed out that…必須指出… 　　It must be admitted that…必須承認… 　　It is suggested that…有人建議… 　　It can not be denied that…不可否認… 　　It should be realized that…必須認識到… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that…可以毫不夸張地說… It is adj for sb to do sth/sth is adj for sb to do sth. It+ be + adj + that…這種句型，我們有兩種處理方法。95年75題： For example, they do not pensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.they 指示代詞，測試pensate for 彌補inequality：不公平，不平等，不相同tell：說明，表明underprivilieged：貧困的、物質(zhì)條件差的參考譯文：例如，測試并不能彌補明顯的社會不公，因此就不能說明一個物質(zhì)條件很差的人，如果在更加有利的條件下成長，會有多么能干。 要把這個倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)還原成正常的語序 98年的75題： Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementaryparticle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.　　cosmic inflation 宇宙膨脹說　　scientifically plausible consequence 科學上可信的推論　　in elementaryparticle physics 基本粒子物理學　　convinced 被說服，相信　　for the better part of a decade 七八年來參考譯文：宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理學中一些公認的理論在科學上看來可信的推論。 no less than 不少于,至少There are no less than 50 person killed in the accident. 在這次事故中至少有50人喪生。 Not more than I will stay here not more than 5 days. 我呆在這里不超過五天。 no more ... than ... 和……一樣都不……Chairman Mao is no more a god than we are. 毛主席和我們一樣都不是神。178。178。178。其他的一些補充：178。My teacher is more than strict with me. 我老師對我極其嚴格。2006年50題：They may teach very well， and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflectio