[理學(xué)]c3-group1-alkali-metals(參考版)
2025-01-22 14:39本頁面
【正文】 offer much better selectivity and strength of binding for alkali metals Structure of []cryptand encapsulating a K+ [2,2,1] [2,2,2]Hostguest chemistryHardSoft AcidBase Concept (HSAB)n (1) Hardness (a) Species with large charge to radius ratios (b) Species hard to be polarized n (2) Softness (a) Species with small charge to radius ratios (b) Species easy to be polarizedn (3) Hard acids (metal ions) tend to bind to hard bases (ligands) electrostatic.n (4) Soft acids (metal ions) tend to bind to soft bases (ligands) covalent.What factors contribute to stabilize [18C6,K]+?n Enthalpy consideration: hard acid (K+) prefers hard base (O) → favorable ΔHn Entropy consideration: ΔS 0 18C6 + [K(H2O)n]+ → [18C6,K] + + nH2O n Size matchingExercises:n UmlandGC p881888: , . n RaynerDIC p267: , , , , , , , , , , , 。 at higher concentration, less paramagic. 2 e = e22 4. Blue color (broad 1500 nm) is attributed to solvated e. M+ is colorless.5.
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