【正文】 C (77F). This warm body temperature may help not only the muscles to work better, but also the brain and the eyes. The billfishes have gone one step further. They have evolved special heaters of modified muscle tissue that warm the eyes and brain, maintaining peak performance of these critical organs.[Passage End][Question]Paragraph 1: Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes (marlins, sailfishes, and swordfish) swim continuously. Feeding, courtship, reproduction, and even rest are carried out while in constant motion. As a result, practically every aspect of the body form and function of these swimming machines is adapted to enhance their ability to swim.1. The word enhance in the passage is closest in meaning to? Use? Improve? Counteract? Balance11新托福閱讀真題精選5篇Paragraph 3: Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes have made streamlining into an art form. Their bodies are sleek and pact. The body shapes of tunas, in fact, are nearly ideal from an engineering point of view. Most species lack scales over most of the body, making it smooth and slippery. The eyes lie flush with the body and do not protrude at all. They are also covered with a slick, transparent lid that reduces drag. The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smoothcontours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.2. The word they in the passage refers to? Qualities? Fins? Grooves? Depressions3. Why does the author mention that Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight?? To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from each other? To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are? To provide evidence that airplane engine have studied the design of fish bodies? To demonstrate a similarity in design between certain fishes and airplanesParagraph 4: Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes have even more sophisticated adaptations than these to improve their hydrodynamics. The long bill of marlins, sailfishes, and swordfish probably helps them slipthrough the water. Many supersonic aircraft have a similar needle at the nose.4. The word sophisticated in the passage is closest in meaning to? Complex? Amazing? Creative? Practical5. According to paragraph4, the long bills of marlins, sailfish, and swordfish probably help these fishes by? Increasing their ability to defend themselves? Allowing them to change direction easily? Increasing their ability to detect odors? Reducing water resistance a。C (45176。并且由于新興市場只 給少數(shù)人創(chuàng)造財富，工業(yè)體系不得不通過將勞動分割成更小的、技術(shù)含量更低的工作來降低工人們的工資。對 于工人們來說，工廠和工業(yè)化不代表著機(jī)遇，卻時刻提醒著他們自身的喪失，并成為一種控制他們生活的 手段。直到 19 世紀(jì) 50 年代，超過十年的抗?fàn)幾罱K 使得大多數(shù)行業(yè)的工作時間縮短至 10 小時，法院也承認(rèn)了工人罷工的權(quán)利，但這些權(quán)利的影響并沒有立即 顯現(xiàn)。那段時間，很少有人愿意罷工或者參與工人運動。比如木匠、 印刷工人和裁縫等技術(shù)工人成立了聯(lián)盟，并且，在 1834 年，各個獨立的聯(lián)盟組織成立了國家職工聯(lián)盟。那些待遇 優(yōu)厚的工人也開始感到他們社會地位在下降。和手工作坊里徒弟與 監(jiān)督他們的師傅之間的密切工作關(guān)系不同，工廠明將工人階層與管理層明顯地區(qū)分開。一名最終辭職的磨坊工人袒露真情地抱怨道：“讓我們聽從于叮叮當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)溺姳?，簡直就把?們當(dāng)成了活生生的機(jī)器。適應(yīng)新的生產(chǎn)方式對第一代經(jīng)歷產(chǎn)業(yè)革命的工人來說是一件非常困難的事情。既然工廠生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)專業(yè) 化，曠工與遲到就會降低勞動生產(chǎn)率，也會影響工廠的正常運轉(zhuǎn)。工人們在適應(yīng)新的生產(chǎn)方 式的同時，還要摒棄舊習(xí)慣。工廠生產(chǎn)的商品沒有手工制作的那么完美和精致，工廠要求工人們提高生 產(chǎn)效率，導(dǎo)致工人們對自身技藝的自豪感逐漸弱化。同時，老練的工匠師傅們并不會按 照時間計劃安排生產(chǎn)，他們更習(xí)慣于時而閑暇，時而為了交單連夜趕工的生產(chǎn)方式。在工廠興起之前，工匠們只是呆家里進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)，學(xué)徒們 被視為家庭的一份子，師傅不光負(fù)責(zé)傳授他們手藝，還要教育并監(jiān)督他們的道德行為。廉價的交通運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)、城市的興起和資本借貸的可行性都促進(jìn)了制造業(yè)從手工作坊到工廠 生產(chǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)變。此外，婦女們在家中通常也會兼職從事一些生產(chǎn)活動，將商業(yè)資本家提 供的原料制成成品。 are explicitly stared as two causes of division among workers. The other choices are not stated and are incorrect.7新托福閱讀真題精選5篇10. 1This is a Reference question. The word being tested is them. It is highlighted in the passage. This is a simple pronounreferent item. The word them in this sentence refers to those people to whom the factory and industrialism were not agents of opportunity but reminders of their loss of independence and a measure of control over their lives. Choice 1, Workers, is the only choice that refers to this type of person, so it is the correct answer.11. 4This is an Insert Text question. You can see the four black squares in paragraph 1 that represent the possible answer choices here.Before 1815 manufacturing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans. ■ As master craft workers, they imparted the knowledge of their trades to apprentices and journeymen. ■ In addition, women often worked in their homes parttime, making finished articles from raw material supplied by merchant capitalists. W After 1815 this older form of manufacturing began to give way to factories with machinery tended by unskilled or semiskilled laborers. ■ Cheap transportation networks, the rise of cities, and the availability of capital and credit all stimulated the shift to factory production.The sentence provided, This new form of manufacturing depended on the movement of goods to distant locations and a centralized source of laborers, is best inserted at square 4. The inserted sentence refers explicitly to a new form of manufacturing. This new form of manufacturing is the one mentioned in the sentence preceding square 4, factories with machinery tended by unskilled or semiskilled laborers. The inserted sentence then explains that this new system depended on the movement of goods to distant locations and a centralized source of laborers. The sentence that follows square 4 goes on to say, Cheap transportation networks, the rise of cities, and the availability of capital and credit all stimulated the shift to factory production. Thus the inserted sentence contains references to both the sentence before square 4 and the sentence after square 4. This is not true of any of the other possible insert points, so square 4 is the correct answer.12. Before 1815: 2 6 18151850: 3 5 7This is a Fill in a Table question. It is pleted correctly below. The correct choices for the Before 1815 column are 2 and 6