【正文】 2．省略主謂語或主謂語的一部分 如： a) (There is) No smoking. 禁止抽煙 b) (Is there)anything else ? 還有其他事嗎 ？ c) (You e)This way 。 2) 其它省略主語多限于現(xiàn)成的說法 如： a) (I) Thank you for your help 謝謝你的幫助。如： — Why were you absent from school last Friday ?— (I was absent from school)Because my mother was ill. — 上周五你為什么沒有上學(xué)？ — 因?yàn)槲覌寢尣×?。s birthday party ，我昨天沒有去參加瑪麗的生日聚會(huì)。 5．主句省略多用于句首。 4．在與 suggest ,request ,order ,advise 等詞相關(guān)的名詞性從句中，須用虛擬語氣形式“ should +動(dòng)詞原形”， should 可以省略。如： a) I know that NBA star Yao Ming will e to our city but I don’ t know when (he will e to our city).我知道 NBA明星要到我們城市來但我不知道他什么時(shí)候來。 b) He said (that)the Antisecession law had been passed and that President Hu Jintao had signed a presidential order 他說《 反分裂國家法》已被通過，而且胡錦濤主席已簽署了主席令。如： a) I think (that) the reform of the renminbi39。t like the way (that/in which) you laugh at 。 c) Could you tell us the reason (why/that)he was so unhappy ? 你能告訴我們他為什么如此不高興嗎？ 3）當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的 the way 時(shí) ，從句不能用 how 來引導(dǎo) ，應(yīng)該用 that 或 in which ，或?qū)⑺鼈內(nèi)渴÷浴Ｈ纾? a) This is the first time (when/that)he had trouble with the 。 Tom , whom you saw yesterday ,fell ill. ( whom 不可以省 ) 湯姆病倒了，你昨天見到他了。 2．定語從句中的省略 1） 一般說來，在限制性定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞 that ,which , whom 可以省略；如： Is this reason (that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?這就是他在會(huì)上解釋他工作中粗心的原因嗎？（ 2020 上海春季） 而在非限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞 which , whom 不可以省略。如： Unless (it is) necessary ,you39。 2) 當(dāng)從句的主語是 it，謂語動(dòng)詞中又含有系動(dòng)詞 be 時(shí) ，可以把 it 和系動(dòng)詞 be 一起省略。奧林匹克金牌獲得者跨欄運(yùn)動(dòng)員劉翔張開嘴好像要說什么。 e) The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .這次展覽比被預(yù)料的有趣的多。 c) He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到處看似乎在找什么東西。 b) Work hard when (you are) young ,or you39。 (2) 連詞（ though, whether , when）+形容詞； (3) 連詞 (whether, as if ,while )+介詞短語； (4) 連詞 (when , while , though )+ 現(xiàn)在分詞； (5) 連詞 (when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 過去分詞； (6) 連詞 (as if ,as though ) + 不定式。 二、主從復(fù)合句中的省略 1．狀語從句中的省略 一般說來省略現(xiàn)象多出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語從句中：由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；由 whether ,if , unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；由 though , although ,even if ,whatever 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；由 as ,than 等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句；由as, as if , as though 等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句。 c) Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doing her homework. 湯姆肯定一直在打籃球，瑪麗一直在寫作業(yè)。如： a) The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it to a policeman. 這個(gè)男孩在馬路上拾起一枚硬幣并把他交給了警察。t go KEYS: 15 ACDDB 610 DCDBA 1115 ACDBD 1620 BBBBC 第三章 高中英語語法中的省略現(xiàn)象 在英語語言中，為了使語言簡潔明了，重點(diǎn)突出或上下文緊密相連，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不變，這種語言現(xiàn)象稱之為省略。s up to you C. All right D. Glad to hear that 20. It was ____ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn39。t finish the job on time? (91) 5. It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star. , that , that , that , then (92) 6. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ______ to be much better. (93) 7. It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began. (94) 8. ______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (95) 9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty. (97) 10. I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full. (98) 11. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you e from or what you are. (2020) like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2020) A. this B. that C. it D. one 13. —Do you like ___ here? — Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.(全國卷 ) A. this B. These C. That D. it 14. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ___ from some wood. (全國卷 ) A. it B. One C. Himself D. another 15. The foreign Minister said, _____ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.(2020北京 ) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 16. _____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2020 北京 ) A. It B. As C. That D. What 17. — How often do you eat out?(2020, 天津 ) — ________, but usually once a week. A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usual D. Generally speaking 18. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn39。s up to you. “ It”用法及其句型和固定搭配專練 1. Was it during the Second World War_____ he died? which (88) 2. Is ____ necessary to plete the design before National Day? (89) 3. I don39。s up to sb. 在口語中，相當(dāng)于 it39。s worth it. 21. Believe it or “信不信由你” 例 Believe it or not, Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday. 22. Take it or leave it. v. 要么接受要么放棄 例 That is my last offer. You can take it or leave it. 23. It all depends/that all depends 在 口語中，相當(dāng)于 it hasn39。s worth. 20. Worth it 在口語中，相當(dāng)于 useful, 表示“有好處，值得做” 例 Don39。m not sure it39。t worry or don39。ll be punished.) 14. As it happened, ? 在口語中，相當(dāng)于 it39。t give up!)相當(dāng)于 go on,表示“繼續(xù)做，不放棄” 例 My teacher asked me to keep at it. 11. Go it! (Go on!) 拼命干 , 莽撞 12. Now you have done it! (You have done sth. wrong.) 13. Now you39。ll really catch it form our teacher if we39。s “對(duì)啦” 例 — I guess the key to the problem is thechoice “ A” —That39。s so much. 表示“至此為止，沒有別的了” 例 You can have one more sweet, and that39。s it (1). 相當(dāng)于 That39。t for Tom, I wouldn39。t for? /if it hadn39。s hard to make it to the top in show business. (2).在口語中相當(dāng)于 fix the date for,表示“約定好時(shí)間” 例 — Shall we meet next week? —OK. We just make it