運籌學(xué)與供應(yīng)鏈管理-第4講(參考版)
2024-10-22 02:48本頁面
【正文】 t order. s SsSu? ?Ss,su? uS?su ? 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Additional Discussion of PeriodicReview Systems Determining optimal values of ? ?Ss,Rs ?QRS ??。t order if . Note that should be interpreted as the orderupto point rather than the order quantity when . It is also known as a target or base stock level. 0?uuQ ?* *Qu ?*Qu ?0?u*Q 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Multiproduct Systems ABC analysis: ? The tradeoffs between the cost of controlling the system and the potential benefits that accrue from that control. ? In multiproduct inventory systems not all products are equally profitable. ? A large portion of the total dollar volume of sales is often accounted for by a small number of inventory items. 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Multiproduct Systems ABC analysis: 100 195 %80 %20 % 50 %P roduc ti on of inventor y it e msCumulative fraction of value of inventoryA B C 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Multiproduct Systems ABC analysis: Since A items account for the lion39。 onehalf of these or 167 liters are immediately broken and repackaged. When these 167 (finished) liters are depleted, a second break and repackage run of 167 liters is made. When these are depleted, we start a new cycle by again purchasing 334 liters of raw material. 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Inventory Control with Uncertain Demand The demand can be deposed into two parts, where = Deterministic ponent of demand and = Random ponent of demand. R a nD e t DDD ??DetDRanD 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Inventory Control with Uncertain Demand There are a number of circumstances under which it would be appropriate to treat as being deterministic even though is not zero. Some of these are: ? When the variance of the random ponent, is small relative to the magnitude of . ? When the predictable variation is more important than the random variation. ? When the problem structure is too plex to include an explicit representation of randomness in the model. DRanDRanDD 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Inventory Control with Uncertain Demand However, for many items, the random ponent of the demand is too significant to ignore. As long as the expected demand per unit time is relatively constant and the problem structure not too plex, explicit treatment of demand uncertainty is desirable. 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Inventory Control with Uncertain Demand Example 2: A newsstand purchases a number of copies of The Computer Journal. The observed demands during each of the last 52 weeks were: 1 5 1 9 9 1 2 9 22 4 7 8 11 1 4 1 1 6 1 1 9 1 8 1 0 0 1 4 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 7 1 8 1 4 1 5 8 6 7 12 1 5 1 5 1 9 9 10 9 1 6 8 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 5 1 7 1 9 1 4 1 4 1 7 1 3 1 2 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Inventory Control with Uncertain Demand Example 2: 01234560 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Inventory Control with Uncertain Demand Example 2: Estimate the probability that the number of copies of the Journal sold in any week. The probability that demand is 10 is estimated to be 2/52 = , and the probability that the demand is 15 is 5/52 = . Cumulative probabilities can also be estimated in a similar way. The probability that there are nine or fewer copies of the Journal sold in any week is (1 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 3 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 4 + 6) / 52 = 19 / 52 = . 全國領(lǐng)先的工作效率提升平臺 Inventory Control with Uncertain Demand We generall
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