電大專(zhuān)科動(dòng)物檢疫技術(shù)期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄(參考版)
2025-06-09 14:22本頁(yè)面
【正文】 t apply to CCTV, meaning it will bee a highly desired platform by production panies. Wang Changtian, CEO of Enlight Media, confirmed to the Shanghai Securities News that its programs scheduled to air on CCTV next year, which include at least two reality shows, won39。s most popular TV stars Xie Na. The show is geared toward younger audiences. Canxing Productions, which rose to fame with the success of its Voice of China series on Zhejiang TV, also produced two talent shows for CCTV. One is an original production called Songs of China, which ended up as one of CCTV39。s channels, including the Chinese version of The Biggest Loser on CCTV39。s expectations, he says the program has already helped CCTV attract more young people. According to Enlight Media, the number of people ages 15 to 35 who watched the first episode of Rising Star was 76 percent higher than the usual audience for CCTV entertainment productions. In order to attract young audiences, CCTV has been working with independent production panies. As one of CCTV39。t make it there, we now have to make the best out of the given conditions. And it means we have to make certain promises. When the current season of Rising Star ends, Zhang says his pany will conduct an overall evaluation of the program and make adjustments for future seasons. Although audience ratings haven39。s audience base nationwide. But it es with a challenge, says Zhang Hang, chief producer of the program and CEO of Enlight Media39。s latest episode, more than million votes were cast via WeChat. Now the petition among entertainment shows is very fierce. Audiences have more diverse needs. CCTV needs to embrace an open attitude, interact with young audiences and blend with the Inter, says Lyu Yitao, director of CCTV39。re willing to change for them, they will quickly like you back. In order to win more young viewers, CCTV is relying on programs such as Rising Star to embrace Inter culture. In Rising Star, a studio audience and fans watching on television vote for their favorite singers in real time, using the instantmessaging app WeChat. Rising Star was designed to be a live broadcast, but the Chinese version isn39。s reaction to the criticism was surprising. During the second episode, he jokingly called himself the slow Jiaming and acted much younger, talking faster and louder. It39。 經(jīng)上述檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)有異?，F(xiàn)象的動(dòng)物，應(yīng)標(biāo)上記號(hào)，予以隔離，留待進(jìn)一步檢查。 （ 3）飲食狀態(tài)檢查 在畜群進(jìn)食期， 觀察其采食和飲水情況，注意有無(wú)少食少飲、不食不飲。注意有無(wú)異常站立或臥睡姿勢(shì)，有無(wú)咳嗽、氣喘、呻吟、戰(zhàn)栗、流涎、嗜睡、獨(dú)立一隅等異?，F(xiàn)象。 群體檢查一般采用靜態(tài)、動(dòng)態(tài)、飲食狀態(tài)的檢查，即所謂“三態(tài)”檢查法。剖檢報(bào)告單，一式二份，一份寄送報(bào)檢單位，一份由檢疫單位存檔。一般項(xiàng)目，病理診斷，病歷摘要及臨床診斷，大體檢查（有照片者附上照片），顯微鏡檢查，細(xì)菌或真菌培養(yǎng)、寄生蟲(chóng)檢查及毒物化驗(yàn)結(jié)果，死亡原因、討論及總結(jié)。 剖檢記錄的主要內(nèi)容有：一般畜齡、毛色、用途、死亡日期、剖檢日期、剖檢地點(diǎn)；臨床病歷概要：發(fā)病日期、主要臨 床癥狀、治療經(jīng)過(guò)；外部檢查事項(xiàng)；內(nèi)部檢查事項(xiàng)等。對(duì)病變形態(tài)、大小、位置、色澤、硬度和結(jié)構(gòu)等，要客觀地用描述語(yǔ)言加以說(shuō)明，切不可用診斷術(shù)語(yǔ)或名詞來(lái)代替。 ①剖檢記錄：剖檢記錄應(yīng)按一定格式書(shū)寫(xiě)。 （ 4）疫情動(dòng)態(tài)的調(diào)查：一是 調(diào)查所在地疫情動(dòng)態(tài)；二是了解鄰近地區(qū)疫情動(dòng)態(tài)；三是了解國(guó)內(nèi)其他地區(qū)疫情動(dòng)態(tài)；四是了解國(guó)際疫情動(dòng)態(tài)。 （ 2）采購(gòu)地情況的調(diào)查：一是調(diào)查采購(gòu)地有無(wú)疫情；二是調(diào)查采購(gòu)、集中、圈養(yǎng)和中轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中，有無(wú)發(fā)病和死亡；三是調(diào)查何時(shí)何地經(jīng)過(guò)何種檢疫。 （ 4）自然與社會(huì)情況的調(diào)查 自然情況包括發(fā)病地區(qū)的地形、河流、氣候、昆蟲(chóng)、野生動(dòng)物以及交通狀況等；社會(huì)情況包括當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裆a(chǎn)、生活情況 ，有關(guān)干部、業(yè)務(wù)技術(shù)人員及有關(guān)人員對(duì)疫情的態(tài)度等 22．出入境檢疫、運(yùn)輸檢疫和宰前檢疫中的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查方法。 （ 2）疫情來(lái)源的調(diào)查 一是進(jìn)行本地調(diào)查，即本地過(guò)去是否發(fā)生過(guò)該種疫病，若發(fā)生過(guò)，當(dāng)時(shí)流行情況和防制措施，有無(wú) 歷史資料可查；二是進(jìn)行鄰地調(diào)查，當(dāng)本地以往未發(fā)生過(guò)該病，可調(diào)查鄰地是否發(fā)生了該疫病；5 三是原地調(diào)查，即此次發(fā)生疫情前，是否從外地引進(jìn)過(guò)畜禽、畜禽產(chǎn)品以及飼料等，所引進(jìn)畜禽的原輸出地是否發(fā)生有類(lèi)似疫病。 21．產(chǎn)地檢疫和市場(chǎng)檢疫監(jiān)督中的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查方法。 宰前檢疫的意義 有效保障了肉品的衛(wèi)生安全。如：破傷風(fēng)、狂犬病、口蹄疫、某些中毒病等。 及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)地檢疫時(shí)處于潛伏期和癥狀不明顯的患病動(dòng)物。組織培養(yǎng)多用于病毒的分離培養(yǎng)、抗原制備和疫苗生產(chǎn)等。一般選用 9～ 12 日齡雞胚，按照病毒不同，分別接種于羊膜腔、卵黃囊、尿囊腔或絨毛尿囊膜等部位。動(dòng)物接種可用于病毒的分離、病毒致病力試驗(yàn)、疫苗效力試驗(yàn)、疫苗及抗血清的生產(chǎn)等。 根據(jù)病毒的種類(lèi)和培養(yǎng)條件的不同，培養(yǎng)病毒時(shí)可采用雞胚接種、動(dòng)物接種和組織培養(yǎng)等方法。在一杯水內(nèi)放少許糞便 ，加入 10～ 20 倍的飽和食鹽溶液，邊攪拌用兩層紗布或細(xì)網(wǎng)篩，將糞水過(guò)濾到另一圓柱狀玻璃杯內(nèi)，靜止 20～ 30min后，用有柄的金屬圈，蘸取糞水液膜并抖落在載玻片上，加蓋玻片鏡檢。 18．檢查寄生蟲(chóng)卵的飽和溶液浮集法。 市場(chǎng)檢疫的方法，力求快速準(zhǔn)確，以感官觀察為主，活畜禽結(jié)合疫情調(diào)查和測(cè)體溫 。蛋雞產(chǎn)蛋停止。癥狀稍緩和者可見(jiàn)精神沉郁，頭翅下垂，鼻分泌物增多，常搖頭企圖甩出分泌物，嚴(yán)重的可引起窒息。 16．高致病性禽流感的臨床癥狀。 15．產(chǎn)地檢疫的意義。這條原則是動(dòng)物疫病的流行特點(diǎn)決定的，失去這個(gè)原則，動(dòng)物檢疫工作就會(huì)變得毫無(wú)意義。因此，動(dòng)物檢疫工作必須在準(zhǔn)確的基礎(chǔ)上力求快速，杜絕因檢疫時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)而影響流通，制約生產(chǎn)。檢疫人員必須使用科學(xué)的檢疫方法、先進(jìn)的檢疫技術(shù)和設(shè)備，結(jié)合豐富的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和熟練的技術(shù)操作，才能真正揭示被檢動(dòng)物或其產(chǎn)品是否帶有檢疫對(duì)象。 （二）尊重事實(shí)的原則 處理是檢疫工作的最后一道程序，處理患病動(dòng)物、染疫動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品時(shí)，必須以事實(shí)為依據(jù)，以法律為準(zhǔn)繩。檢疫一方實(shí)施這一行為必須嚴(yán)格依照法律規(guī)定進(jìn)行。 動(dòng)物檢疫是一項(xiàng)具體的技術(shù)行政行為。有時(shí)乳頭的皮膚上也出現(xiàn)水皰。經(jīng) 1 晝夜后水皰破裂，形成淺表的、邊緣整齊的紅色爛斑，此時(shí)體溫即下降，爛斑逐漸愈合，全身癥狀好轉(zhuǎn)。病牛體溫升高達(dá) 40～ 41℃，精神委頓，食欲減退，閉口、流涎。 13．?？谔阋叩呐R床癥狀。由于宰前檢疫只能檢出那些癥狀明顯或有體溫反應(yīng)的病畜禽，而對(duì)那些缺乏明顯癥狀，特別是處于發(fā)病初期或疾病潛伏期的病畜禽或可疑病畜禽，只有留待宰后對(duì)胴體、臟器作直接的病理學(xué)觀察和必要的實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢驗(yàn)，才能做出確診。 12．宰后檢疫的目的和意義。吞咽困難、嘔吐、流涎或異常鳴叫等情況，動(dòng)物在進(jìn)
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